Comparative Study On Rural Waste Governance Models

The Report of the 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party emphasized the ecological civilization construction as a basic national strategy,formally proposed the rural revitalization strategy,and made this strategy as a critical task.Rural garbage governance is an important part of the rural revitalization strategy and the main direction of improving rural living environment,its effectiveness directly influences rural environmental aspect.Mature governance is conducive to improving rural ecological environment and village appearance,enhancing rural attractiveness,boosting rural sustainable development,and promoting the transformation of government functions and the trend of multi-subject governance.As the phenomenon of garbage encircling villages frequently appears,the restrictive effect on rural development has been strengthened,calling for rural garbage governance.Comprehensively using comparative analysis,case analysis and other research methods,the essay selects three typical rural garbage governance models in China——urban and rural integrated model of Shandong Province,regional centralized model of Hubei Province and decentralized self-governance model of Sichuan Province as research objects.On the one hand,longitudinally analyze development process,basic practice and important measures of these models,then sum up their respective advantages and limitations,and finds that: urban and rural integrated governance model can effectively make up for the shortcomings of the original with overall planning and unified governance,applicable to areas with higher economic level and strong financial security;the regional centralized governance model is suitable for areas of inconvenient transportation or far away from garbage disposal center;the decentralized self-governance model fully arises rural residents' initiative and achieves efficient treatment of rural waste in remote or underdeveloped areas.On the other hand,with the construction with five dimensions,the horizontal analysis and comparison show that the three models have shared experience including attaching importance to system construction,the fiscal-led garbage governance,market-oriented operations,and the rural self-governing participation forces,meanwhile there are deficiencies in the construction for waste control legal system,the standardization of fund collection,the rural residents' participation,and the supervision and assessment methods in the process of governance.The article selects British social-participation governance model,Australian multi-governance model and the Japanese refined governance model from foreign garbage governance models,explores the key strategies and advantages of these three governance models,and combines the short slabs of domestic rural waste governance models to sort out the experience from the foreign governance models,such as improving the construction of laws and regulations,strengthening the management of waste separation and recycling processes,and expanding the scope of multi-agent participation and so on.In view of the common problems in domestic rural garbage governance models,combined with appropriate experience of foreign waste governance,stakeholders should improve the rural garbage governance policies and regulations,standardize the collection and distribution of governance funds,enhance the participation of rural residents,and promote the supervision and assessment of rural waste governance,targeted to optimize the corresponding domestic rural garbage governance model to improve the rural garbage governance effectiveness and rural living environment.