Extraction And Biological Activity Of Amygdalin From Prunus Humilis

The Prunus humilis kernel is a seed of the genus Cerasus humilis Bunge,whose main components include amygdalin,Chinese dwarf cherry seed oil and protein from Cerasus humilis kernel.Among them,the amygdalin contained in the Prunus humilis kernel has antitussive,antiasthmatic,antitumor,hypoglycemic and anticoagulant effects.In this paper,the extraction,antioxidant activity,antibacterial activity and hypoglycemic activity of amygdalin were studied,which provided a scientific basis for the development and comprehensive utilization of amygdalin.The main results are as follows:(1)Ultrasound-assisted ethanol extraction was used to extract amygdalin from Prunus humilis.On the basis of single factor,combined with two-level test and response surface methodology,the extraction conditions were optimized and detected by high performance liquid chromatography.The optimum extraction conditions were as follows: the ratio of liquid to material was 14:1,the concentration of ethanol was 79%,the extraction temperature was 70 ?,the ultrasonic time was 40 min,the ultrasonic power was 192 W,and the final yield of amygdalin was 6.03%.(2)The antioxidant activity of the extract of amygdalin was studied by DPPH,ABTS scavenging ability and total reducing ability.The results showed that the extract of amygdalin has anti-oxidation ability.(3)The antimicrobial effect of the extract of amygdalin from Eucalyptus almond on Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli and Penicillium spp.was determined by double dilution method in vitro,and the antimicrobial circle size of amygdalin extract was determined by Oxford cup method.The results showed that the extract of amygdalin from Prunus humilis had different inhibitory effects on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli,but had no inhibitory effect on Penicillium.The maximum inhibition zone diameters of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were18.83 ± 0.53 mm and 14.15 ±0.32 mm,respectively.(4)The hypoglycemic activity of the amygdalin extract was determined by the inhibition ability of the extract of amygdalin on the ?-amylase.The results showed that with the increase of the concentration of amygdalin extract,the inhibition rate of ?-amylase also increased gradually,indicating that the amygdalin extract has hypoglycemic effect in vitro.(5)Diabetic mice were induced by intraperitoneal injection of alloxan.To observe the effects of the extract of Almond Bitter Amygdalin on fasting blood glucose,glucose tolerance and organ index in normal mice and on body weight,fasting blood glucose and glucose tolerance in alloxan-induced diabetic mice.The results showed that the extract had no effect on the blood sugar and organ index of normal mice,but could improve the glucose tolerance of normal mice,reduce the blood sugar of diabetic mice,and improve the weight and glucose tolerance of diabetic mice.