| Recently,a lot of oil pollution often occurs in industrial production and daily life.And the problem is getting worse.Polymer nanofiber membrane,with the advantages of high specific surface area and high porosity,has been widely used in oil filtration,water filtration and air filtration.The nanofiber membrane prepared by electrostatic spinning has strong adsorption capacity and has shown excellent performance in oil pollution treatment in various industries.However,the single-component nanofiber membrane has been gradually unable to meet the requirements of a variety of complex use.So a large number of studies tend to focus on the preparation of composite fiber membrane containing different components.To this end,this paper design a differentiated composite multi-structure nanofiber membrane,including oil-wet and hydrophobic nanofiber oil absorption layer,oil transfer capacity of nanofiber oil transfer layer and nanofiber oil accommodation layer.According to the design functions of different layers,the materials,the additive types and proportions and the spinning process parameters of each layer are explored.The specific research contents are as follows:(1)The addition of organic modified montmorillonite(OMMT)into PLA materials to form intercalated composite system can improve the tensile strength and elongation at break of PLA.When spinning voltage is 40 kV,spinning distance is 70 mm,spinning temperature is 260?,preparation of OMMT mass fraction is 2%,the fiber diameter is 450 nm.The oil absorption rate is 133.5g/g and the oil retention rate is 84.2g/g,with good reuse performance.The oil-wet and degradable properties of the nanofiber membrane are enhanced.It can be used as the outermost layer of differentiated multi-structure nanofiber membrane.(2)Acetyl tributyl citrate(ATBC)has good compatibility with PLA.Adding ATBC to the PLA has a better plasticity effect.When spinning voltage is 40 kV,spinning distance is 70 mm,spinning temperature is 240?,ATBC mass fraction is 10%,the fiber diameter is 320 nm.The water contact angle of fiber membrane is 145°,which shows good hydrophobic property.The oil absorption rate is 138.4g/g and the oil retention rate is 80.8g/g,with good reuse performance.As the diameter of the fiber reaches the maximum,the oil conveying capacity(capillarity)of the fiber membrane is greatly enhanced,which can be used as the second layer of the differentiated multi-structure nanofiber membrane.(3)PP material is non-toxic and harmless,oil-loving and hydrophobic.The commercial PP non-woven,which is degraded for 6 months and removed CaCo3 particles after acid treatment,is used as the raw material to prepare the innermost oil accommodation layer of differentiated multi-structure nanofiber membrane.The results show that compared with the fiber diameter and oil absorption performance of the three plasticizers(Sodium stearate,ATBC and DOA),ATBC has the best effect.When spinning voltage is 40 kV,spinning distance is 70 mm,spinning temperature is 300?,ATBC mass fraction is 10%,the preparation of fiber diameter to the finest is 1.13?m.The oil absorption rate of the fiber membrane is 115.4g/g,which is 4 times as high as that of PP non-woven in the market.The oil retention rate is 70.3g/g,which is 3 times higher than that of PP non-woven.The raw material of this layer of fiber membrane is the pollutant in nature(PP non-woven).The fiber membrane prepared through recycling treatment and electrostatic spinning process can further deal with the pollutant(oil).It can reduce the pollution of nature and deal with it at the same time.And it can achieve the purpose of green environmental protection.In conclusion,the above three kinds of nanofiber membrane can be used to prepare differentiated multi-stage structure nanofiber composite membrane with oil-wet and hydrophobic surface layer,strong oil transport ability in the middle layer and high oil absorption rate in the inner layer. |
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