Evaluation Of Collision Avoidance Actions And Their Application In Collision Liability Division

After the ship collision accident,the proportion of liability that each ship should bear has always been one of the difficulties in accident investigation and maritime trial.There are many factors that caused the ship to the collision,and the factors affect the accident at different stages of the ship's encounter are different.In order to identify the key factors that cause the ship collision and apply it to the division of the accident liability 'ratio,according to the relevant provisions of the "Rules",the evaluation index system of collision avoidance behavior was established,and the weight of each factor in the evaluation index system was determined by using the analytic hierarchy process.The expert scoring method is used to determine the degree of fault of each ship's collision avoidance action.Then,based on the comprehensive evaluation model established by fuzzy mathematics theory,the proportion of collision responsibility of each ship is divided.The main research work in this paper focus on the following aspects:(1)With reference to the previous research results of experts and scholars in the field of Ship-domain and Ship-arena,the entire process of ship collisions is segmented.In this way,the distances when the vessels were in stages of collision risk,a close-quarter situation,and immediate danger are obtained.(2)Based on the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea,1972(the COLREGs)and related laws and regulations,an evaluation index system for collision avoidance behavior has been established.Different from previous studies,this article establishes a collision avoidance behavior evaluation index system for the different collision avoidance stages,which is more conducive to estimating the causal relationship between negligence and collision accidents.(3)The analytic hierarchy process was used to determine the weights of the factors in the evaluation index system of the ship collision avoidance behavior,and the key factors leading to ship collision were identified.(4)Use expert scoring to evaluate the ships behavior,determine the extent of the ship's fault in the process of avoiding collisions,establish a mathematical model for the division of responsibility for avoiding collisions,and use examples to verify its rationality.(5)According to the relevant provisions of Article 169 of the Maritime Law,acalculation model for the collision responsibility of ships was constructed.