Study On Risks And Countermeasures Of Transportation Of Dangerous Chemicals In The Downstream Of Yangtze River

As a powerful link for the economic exchange between the East and the West,the Yangtze River is related to the development of China's economic lifeline and inland water transport.In recent years,the demand for dangerous chemicals has been increasing with the rapid development of China's industry,and the volume of transportation has also been increasing year by year.With the continuous development of chemical water transportation,the risk of pollution in the Yangtze River is also increasing.The relevant research on the risks and countermeasures of dangerous chemicals in the downstream of the Yangtze River is conducted in the thesis.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)Risk identification and analysis of water transportation of dangerous chemicals.The risks that the ship may encounter during navigation include personnel,ship and environment.The Bernoulli equation is used to estimate the continuous leakage of three typical dangerous chemicals.Taking the Zhangjiagang section as an example,the probability of accidents in the ship is estimated by statistical methods.The final probability of calculation is small.It can be accepted within the scope.(2)Risk prediction for water transportation of dangerous chemicals.The chemical prediction model Chemmap is used to simulate three typical dangerous chemicals:ethyl acrylate(the FED type),toluene(the FE type),acrylonitrile(the ED type),to analyze the drift trajectory,diffusion concentration and the impact of sensitive resources and the simulation effect of emergency treatment,it is found that the drift of chemicals is mainly affected by the tidal current,and the movement direction of different chemicals with the tidal current is consistent;under each simulation scenario,the trend of the concentration of pollutants in the spot is basically the same,as the leakage time increases,the concentration reaches a maximum at a certain point,and then it basically declines,the dissolved concentration value will vary according to the type of chemical;in the vertical distribution,chemicals are subject to turbulence while drifting back and forth with the tidal current.After the leakage,the liquid surface film diffuses horizontally and vertically,and the coverage area of the water surface is gradually enlarged.The vertical distribution concentration of the chemical in the water volume is different according to the chemicals of different nature;under the condition of the rising tide,the chemical will drift from the leak point to the downstream under the influence of the trend and the wind direction.In the process of diffusion,if no emergency measures are taken,the chemicals will affect the sensitive resources such as Shuangshan Island Scenic Area,Changyinsha Ecological Agricultural Tourism Area and Langshan Forest Park to varying degrees.If the boom is used,whether it is a guided boom or an intercepting boom,it will have a significant interception effect on the chemicals,and the effect is good.(3)Risk assessment of water transportation of dangerous chemicals using the qualitative assessment method-risk matrix.The amount of chemical leakage and the probability of accidents are estimated.Measures can be taken to reduce the probability of accident risk and mitigate the consequences of accidents to ensure that the risk level can not be expanded.