| Blended oil is according to nutritional needs to be made from two or more refined oil in proportion to allocate,can solve single natural oil fatty acid ratio imbalance,makes the residents more scientific and appropriate proportion of alpha linolenic acid intake(ALA)and linoleic acid(LA),to help maintain a healthy cardiovascular function and protects the body plays an important role.The blended oil used in this study consists of refined flaxseed oil,sunflower oil,corn oil,peanut oil and olive oil.ALA/LA ratio is 1:6.With lard(LO),peanut oil(PO)and soybean oil(SO)for comparison,evaluation of four kinds of oil under different energy levels feeding on rat growth performance,blood lipid,blood pressure and cardiovascular function and the effect of redox state related indicators and may adjust way,SO as to provide valuable for development and utilization of edible blend oil.The study is divided into three parts.First,120 Wistar rats were randomly divided into lard group(LO),peanut oil group(PO),soybean oil group(SO)and blended oil group(BO),and fed with four kinds of oil feed(ALA/LA: 1:24,1:356,1:9 and 1:6,respectively).At the same time,each group was divided into three energy levels of low fat,medium fat and high fat,and the energy levels of fat were 6.7 %,10.9 % and 48.1 % respectively.After 12 weeks,body weight,body fat rate,food intake,energy intake,and organ specific gravity were measured.Fatty acid composition of plasma,liver and adipose tissue were measured.The results showed that the body weight and body fat rate of the rats in the high-fat group were higher than those in the low-fat group and the middle-fat group with the increase of energy supply of the four fats.Compared with LO,PO and SO groups,BO feeding could significantly reduce feed intake(4-12 weeks),body weight and body fat ratio(P<0.05),increase ALA/LA ratio in plasma,liver and adipose tissue,and reduce SFA ratio in the high-fat group.Further analysis of the effects of the four lipids on blood lipid,blood pressure,cardiovascular susceptibility factor,predictive factor level,and aortic and liver tissue structure showed that the high-fat diet caused dyslipidemia,elevated blood pressure,and abnormal secretion of inflammatory factors(IL-6 and CRP)in rats.In particular,the blood pressure and cardiovascular risk factor(AI and R-CHR)levels were significantly increased in the LO group and the PO and SO groups with high levels of saturated fatty acids and low percentages of ALA/LA,increasing the risk of CVD.In contrast,BO feeding partially restored plasma TG and TC levels in obese rats,reduced blood pressure,cardiovascular susceptibility factor levels,atherosclerosis index and coronary heart index,and maintained normal tissue structure of aorta and liver.However,there was no significant difference between low fat and medium fat groups.Finally,plasma and tissue redox related indicators and mRNA expression levels of liver inflammatory factors and lipid metabolism related genes were analyzed to explore possible regulatory pathways.The results showed that BO could significantly enhance the plasma TAOC and GSH-PX activities(P<0.05),increase the SOD and CAT activities in the liver(P<0.05),reduce the ROS and MDA levels in the heart(P<0.05),and maintain the redox homeostasis.In the high-fat group,compared with LO,PO and SO,the expression levels of liver lipid synthesis genes FAS,SCD1,SREBP1-C and ACAT were significantly down-regulated,and the expression levels of lipogenic genes CPT-1,LPL,ACOX1 and LXR were significantly up-regulated,which inhibited the accumulation of liver lipid.In addition,BO partially restored plasma inflammatory factor levels,which may be associated with the regulation of NF-?B/TLR4 signaling pathway related genes(MCP-1 and ICAM-1).In summary,BO feeding in high-fat mode can effectively inhibit the increase of body weight and body fat ratio,reduce blood pressure and cardiovascular risk factor levels,and maintain redox homeostasis in obese rats.BO also by regulating lipid metabolism and liver NF-?B/TLR4 signaling pathways related gene expression,enhance the capacity of obese rats liver fat catabolism,reduce inflammatory factor,to some extent restored normal blood lipid level and the aorta,liver tissue structure and its related pathways to improve the plasma in the organization of ALA/LA proportion. |
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