Development Of Cloud System For Thermal Characteristics Of CNC Machine Tools Based On Digital Twins

In recent years,as the aerospace and medical industries have further increased pro-cessing accuracy and efficiency requirements,the application of five-axis CNC machine tools(FAMT)in the precise manufacturing of complex workpieces has become more com-mon.However,the heat sources(such as ball wires)inside the machine tool structure(Bars,bearings,shaft drive motors)and environmental temperature changes cause ma-chine components to deform and superimpose.Thermal errors caused by the superposi-tion of FAMT will greatly affect the processing accuracy of FAMT.Unlike other CNC machine tool spindles,due to the poor heat dissipation characteristics of FAMT,The ther-mal error will be more serious,which will have a more adverse effect on the processing accuracy of FAMT.This article takes the thermal characteristic mechanism of the FAMT spindle and its control technology as the object.Through the introduction of digital twin and cloud technology architecture,the thermal characteristics of CNC machine tools are measured and controlled,and the FAMT thermal characteristics experimental monitoring system is established to verify and carry out the following research:(1)The important role of key components such as the spindle of the machine tool,the feed system and the most important source of the heat source of the machine tool.In this paper,by developing a wireless acquisition system,it is better and more convenient to measure the heat source and other parts.Problems such as difficulty in temperature measurement.(2)Combining digital twins and other technical means,integrate thermal error mod-eling with digital twins of CNC machine tools to build a twin model of thermal charac-teristics of CNC machine tools.By using the thermal imager to collect the temperature field of the machine tool spindle at different speeds,the temperature field model of the spindle digital twins is compared to optimize the heat dissipation method and boundary conditions,so that the twin virtual temperature field model is consistent with the actual working conditions of the twins.(3)Establish FAMT thermal deformation mathematical prediction model,and design thermal error monitoring and control software.Through relevant mathematical theory and experimental data,the key temperature rise points of the machine tool spindle are extracted,and the extracted temperature rise data of the key temperature rise points are brought into the thermal error prediction model to train the error model.Based on Unity 3D software development,it can be applied to the thermal error control system of Siemens 840DSL CNC system to realize remote control of FAMT operation.(4)Build FAMT cloud system based on Gizvits IoT cloud platform.The wireless temperature sensor is used to collect the temperature information of the key temperature points of the spindle,and the predicted thermal error and virtual temperature field are dis-played on the Unity3D interface.The query module can query the thermal characteristics data,and the thermal error control module can remotely control the running state of the machine tool.