Repairing Effect Of Black Soybean Seed Coat Extract On Disorder Of Iron Absorption Caused By Lead

Heavy metal pollution has gradually become a hot issue in food safety,and the content of lead in food in China is generally high.Lead is ubiquitous in life and poses a threat to human health,such as causing oxidative stress,neurotoxicity,reproductive toxicity,and iron deficiency.Therefore,it is of great scientific significance and application value to find a natural,economic and safe substance to prevent and control lead poisoning.Black soybean seed coat extract(BSSCE)is a rich source of anthocyanins with multiple health benefits for human beings,such as antioxidant activity,antitumor activity,and regulation of iron metabolism.Drosophila melanogaster is a classic model organism.It is conservative in the metabolic process of metal ions.It has the advantages of short growth cycle and easy feeding in large numbers.It is widely used in genetic metabolism,immunity,neurodegenerative diseases,food nutrition and health.Through research,it is found that black soybean seed coat and their extracts have a significant salvage effect on lead toxicity,and the mechanism of action is discussed in depth.The main research contents and results are as follows:(1)BSSC improves lead-induced health defects in Drosophila melanogaster.The active ingredient of black soybean is mainly in black soybean seed coat,which is rich in anthocyanins and has antioxidant activity.The results showed that black soybean seed coat can significantly save the phenotypes of lead poisoning Drosophila melanogaster,including the eclosion rate,development,mobility,reproductive ability and lifespan.(2)BSSCE improves lead-induced health defects in Drosophila melanogaster.We further used the black soybean seed coat extract to verify that the black soybean seed coat extract can save the health defects of lead poisoning Drosophila melanogaster and black soybean seed coat rescue effect.Therefore,we determined that BSSCE is the main substance in the BSSC to play the lead poisoning phenotype rescue effect.(3)BSSCE rescued Drosophila melanogaster lead-induced iron deficiency.Lead exposure can cause iron levels in the midgut of Drosophila melanogaster to be reduced.In experiments,we found that BSSCE can regulate genes involved in iron metabolism,thereby promoting iron absorption in Drosophila melanogaster and increasing iron levels in midgut and whole body.(4)BSSCE eliminate ROS in the intestines of Drosophila melanogaster.Lead exposure caused oxidative stress to increase the ROS level of Drosophila intestinal tract.We found that BSSCE can effectively eliminate ROS from Drosophila intestinal tract.It can also regulate genes related to antioxidants in Drosophila midgut and increase superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT)enzyme activity.(5)Dietary iron deficiency limits the protective effect of BSSCE on lead toxicity.In order to further verify the mechanism of BSSCE’s rescue of lead poisoning,we added iron chelating agents to the food of Drosophila to limit the iron supply in the diet.The study found that under the condition of dietary iron deficiency,the BSSCE can still eliminate ROS in the midgut of Drosophila,but cannot save the growth and development defects caused by lead exposure.The results of these studies indicate that the promotion of iron absorption by BSSCE is essential in saving lead poisoning.In conclusion,our previous research results showed that ROS appeared in the intestines of lead-exposed Drosophila melanogaster,causing disorder of iron metabolism genes,thereby reducing iron absorption,leading to iron deficiency in Drosophila melanogaster,consistent with the results of human epidemiological investigations.The results of this paper indicate that BSSCE can reduce the level of ROS in the gut of lead-exposed Drosophila melanogaster,thereby changing the expression of iron metabolism genes in the intestine,thereby promoting the absorption of iron in food,and finally alleviating a series of phenotypes of lead poisoning.The research suggests that the BSSCE can be used as an effective auxiliary method for the treatment of heavy metal poisoning or iron deficiency diseases,and provides important clues and theoretical basis for the future development of functional food.