Research On Environment Efficiency Under China's Fiscal Decentralization

China's fiscal decentralization system reform has made great achievements since the 1970 s,which has greatly promoted China's economic development.Fiscal decentralization is a process of transferring power from the central government to the local government.It is a system reform with political incentives and economic growth as incentive and restraint mechanism.However,due to the unclear property rights and the unclear division of the responsibility of the beneficiaries in the reform of China's system,environmental pollution has become increasingly prominent in the process of economic growth.Higher growth is bound to be accompanied by higher pollutant emissions.Environmental pollution is only a manifestation of externalities.The input-output efficiency between input of production factors and emission of pollution is the root of environmental problems.The deeper problem at present is whether the environmental efficiency has been improved in the process of development and reform.In order to analyze the impact of China's fiscal decentralization system reform on environmental efficiency,this paper first reviews the classical theories such as local government behavior theory,externality theory,public choice theory and fiscal decentralization theory,and then analyses the theoretical relationship between fiscal decentralization system and environment from the classical theory.Secondly,based on theoretical research,it extracts wealth from direct and indirect effects.The impact mechanism of decentralization on environmental efficiency is established,and the theoretical analysis framework is constructed.Then,the environmental efficiency of China from 2004 to 2015 is estimated by using the frontier environmental efficiency measurement method super-efficiency SBM model.The results show that the environmental efficiency of China has been rising steadily before 2013 and declining slightly after 2013.Then,in order to reveal the environmental efficiency of fiscal decentralization in China.Based on the provincial panel d ata of China from 2004 to 2015,this paper uses FE,2SLS and GMM estimation methods to make empirical analysis,and obtains the following robust and consistent estimation results: Firstly,fiscal decentralization has effectively promoted the improvement of environmental efficiency at the national and regional levels;secondly,from the perspective of the impact mechanism of fiscal decentralization on efficiency,fiscal decentralization has the effect of technology spillover.And the adjustment of industrial structure promotes the improvement of environmental efficiency,while the impact of foreign capital competition on environmental efficiency is not obvious.Finally,combined with theoretical research and empirical research,some policy suggestions are put forward to improve the reform of fiscal decentralization system and improve environmental efficiency.