Study On The Efficiency Of Vertical Environmental Management And Environmental Decentralization In The Treatment Of Industrial Waste Gas Pollution

Environmental decentralization is an important institutional arrangement for the government to implement environmental public governance,with the goal of effectively dividing the responsibility for the supply of environmental public goods within the government.Under the environmental decentralization system,the central government is responsible for formulating environmental policies and environmental standards in a unified manner.Local governments use the standards set by the central government as the "minimum standards" to develop environmental standards suitable for the region,and ensure that environmental policies and regulations Implementation and supervision,environmental protection responsibilities through the central and local cooperative governance model to achieve a reasonable allocation among all levels of government.Different national systems have different implementations of environmental decentralization systems.China is a country with "economic decentralization and political centralization".Since reform and opening up,China's environmental management has been de facto decentralized.Therefore,China's environmental management system has Chinese characteristics-local governments have limited environmental management rights and provide financial support for local environmental management within the scope of their jurisdictions,while local environmental protection agencies are subject to dual management by regulations.Local environmental protection agencies are subject to business guidance from superior environmental protection agencies,while "block" online local environmental protection agencies are the functional departments of local governments,and their personnel and property are subject to government management.The central government has achieved centralized and decentralized management of environmental governance through the adjustment of "lines" and "blocks".In 2016,the General Office of the State Council issued the "Guiding Opinions on the Pilot Work on the Reform of the Vertical Management System for Monitoring and Supervision of Law Enforcement by Environmental Protection Institutions Below the Province" as the latest plan to guide the environmental management of the provinces.The documentchanged the management mode of environmental protection agencies below the provincial level,and shifted the focus of local environmental management to the"line",so that the local environmental management showed a centralized trend.However,as early as 2003,Shaanxi Province and other provinces have initiated the reform of the vertical management of municipal and county-level environmental protection agencies.Therefore,this paper analyzes the environmental governance effect of the environmental decentralization system with Chinese characteristics and the governance effect and mechanism of the vertical management of environmental protection agencies below the province(hereinafter referred to as"environmental protection vertical management")through the reform practice of Shanxi Province and other provinces.This article takes the regional heterogeneity and interregional pollutant spillover as the logical starting point under the environmental decentralization system,measures the environmental decentralization and industrial waste gas treatment efficiency of various provinces and municipalities in China from 2008 to 2015,and builds a two-stage semi-parametric dynamic model.Analyze the relative magnitude of regional heterogeneous welfare and efficiency losses caused by the local government's industrial waste gas pollution control behavior under the environmental decentralization system,and explore the pollution control effect of environmental decentralization.Further,introducing environmental protection vertical management variables and analyzing the pollution control effects of provincial-level environmental decentralization and environmental governance effects and action paths of environmental protection vertical management after the “striped” management reform of environmental protection agencies below the provincial level.According to the research:(1)Under China's environmental decentralization system,the local heterogeneous welfare caused by the autonomy of local environmental protection agencies is less than the efficiency loss caused by pollutant spillovers,thus presenting overall environmental decentralization and environmental administrative decentralization 1.Decentralization of environmental supervision,decentralization of environmental monitoring promote the inefficiency of industrial waste gas pollutioncontrol,inhibit the efficiency of industrial waste gas pollution control in the region,and environmental administrative decentralization has the greatest impact on the effect of industrial pollution control,and environmental monitoring decentralization has the smallest impact;(2)After the vertical management reform of environmental protection agencies below the provincial level,the motivation to reduce competition among vicious environments in the regions has been weakened,and the efficiency loss caused by the pollution spillover problem within the provinces has been solved.The environmental governance effect of provincial environmental decentralization is significantly positive and promoted The improvement of industrial waste gas pollution control efficiency in the region.Moreover,the decentralization of provincial environmental supervision has played a major role in improving the local industrial waste gas pollution control effect.Based on previous studies,this paper proposes two innovative ideas:(1)Incorporate the environmental protection vertical management,the interaction of environmental protection vertical management and environmental decentralization into the relationship between environmental decentralization and industrial waste gas pollution control efficiency The model reflects the impact of environmental protection vertical management on the efficiency of industrial waste gas pollution control by acting on the decentralization of the environment;(2)This paper uses bootstrap method to correct the correlation of DEA efficiency value,and at the same time uses the frontier measurement model-panel Truncated regression model,Fitting the true probability distribution function of the efficiency value improves the accuracy of the parameter estimates.