Research And Analysis Of Machine Tool Base Parts Based On Composite Materials And Lightweight Structure

As the main components of high-precision machine tools,the basic components of machine tools directly affect the processing accuracy of high-precision machine tools and restrict the development of high-precision machine tools.As a traditional material for machine tool basic parts,cast iron has been increasingly unable to meet the needs of modern high-precision machine tools.For this reason,people began to use other materials in the manufacture of machine tool basic parts.The composite material has good vibration resistance and high damping property,lightweight honeycomb structure has the characteristics of light weight and good heat dissipation performance,and it is gradually used in machine tool parts.In this paper,the fiber concrete composite materials and lightweight structures are applied to the basic parts of the machine tool to improve the performance of the basic parts of the machine tool and the whole machine.The specific research contents are as follows:First,relevant theories are introduced and analyzed for composite materials and lightweight honeycomb structures.The elastic stiffness of fiber reinforced concrete was analyzed using the homogenization calculation method in mesomechanics.The weight calculation formula of the honeycomb sandwich structure is derived.The equivalent elastic constant of the hexagonal honeycomb structure is obtained by using the mechanical equivalent model-sandwich sandwich board theory.On this basis,the equivalent density of the hexagonal honeycomb sandwich structure is calculated.Secondly,the fiber concrete composite material is applied to the machine bed.Analyzed the influence of the type,length-diameter ratio and content of doped fibers in fiber concrete on the performance of fiber concrete materials,Furthermore,the composite material was applied to the bed of the high-speed machining center,and the influence trend of the doped fiber properties and content on the dynamic performance of the bed was analyzed.Once again,the fiber concrete composite material and the light-weight honeycomb sandwich structure are applied to the machine tool table,and two sandwich structure work tables with different sandwich layers are designed.Analyzed and calculated the stress situation and heat source of the workbench,under these working conditions,the static,dynamic and thermal coupling simulation analysis of these two different types of workbenches was carried out,and the performance differencesbetween the two workbenches were compared.Finally,the design of the machine tool column was improved while keeping the original machine tool column dimensions unchanged.The fiber concrete composite material and lightweight honeycomb structure are applied to the side walls and beams of the machine tool columns.The dynamic performance of the newly designed machine tool column is analyzed,and the improved column is assembled into the machine tool.The dynamic performance of the whole machine is analyzed.The results show that the vibration resistance of the machine tool has been significantly improved,which is of great significance for achieving high-precision machining of the machine tool.