Study On The Ecological Environment Of Manas River Basin

It is the basis of realizing the green and sustainable development of regional economy and society to evaluate the status of regional ecological environment and explore its time-space differentiation law and influencing factors,and it is also the important basis for the protection and restoration of ecological environment and the planning of national economic management.Based on the evaluation method of ecological environment quality in the standard,with the help of RS and GIS platform,this paper selects 30 × 30 m grid,adopts the idea of geographical detector,evaluates the ecological environment quality of Manas River Basin,summarizes its spatial distribution characteristics and time change trend,compares and analyzes the ecological environment quality and change of the cities and counties where the basin belongs,and differentiates and factors,ecology and intersection Three aspects of interaction explored the main influencing factors of eco-environment quality in the basin.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The eco-environmental quality of Mahe river basin is generally in a poor level and is getting worse from south to north.The areas with good quality,general quality,poor quality and poor quality accounted for 2.5%,22.78%,41.64% and 33.08% respectively.Good areas are mainly concentrated in the forest land coverage area of the upper middle mountain belt and the middle reaches oasis;general areas are mainly distributed in the grassland coverage area of the upper low mountain belt and the middle reaches oasis;poor areas are mainly concentrated in the grassland coverage area of the upper low mountain belt and the cultivated land coverage area of the middle reaches oasis;poor areas are mainly distributed in the unused areas of the upper high mountain belt,the middle reaches oasis and the lower reaches desert area Ground coverage area.(2)In the past ten years,the change of ecological environment quality in Mahe River Basin has been generally improved,and the improvement speed is faster from 2005 to 2010,and slower from 2010 to 2015.The average value of the three eco-environmental quality indexes is 24.70,27.30 and 28.28 respectively.The EI index shows a slight upward trend,and the proportion of areas in poor and poor grades continues to decline,while the proportion of areas in general and good grades continues to rise.(3)The order of the overall ecological environment quality of the cities(counties)in the basin is: Shihezi city is better than Shawan County and better than Manas County.Shawan County's ecological environment quality is getting better faster than other two cities and counties.The average EI of Shihezi city is 31.48,31.45 and 33.69 respectively,Shawan County is 27.13,30.69 and 31.46 respectively,Manas County is 21.29,22.77 and 23.99 respectively.The change range of EI in Shawan County is 16% in ten years.(4)The influencing factors of eco-environment quality in the basin are: elevation(q = 0.53)> soil type(q = 0.29)> population(q = 0.12)> GDP(q = 0.06).Elevation is the main driving factor of the spatial distribution of ecological environment quality in river basin.Natural factors determine the overall spatial pattern of ecological environment quality.The interaction and coordination of four factors affect the spatial distribution and change of ecological environment quality in river basin.