Study On Participation Willingness And Influencing Factors Of Farmland Non-Point Source Pollution Control Under The Background Of Farmers' Differentiation In Poverty Areas

In the context of China's comprehensive construction of a well-off society and the realization of sustainable agricultural development,it is of great significance to accelerate the advancement of poverty alleviation in rural areas and the control of farmland pollution.At this stage,most of the poor farmers still need to rely on agricultural production to increase their income and get rid of poverty.However,while inorganic inputs such as fertilizers and pesticides are rapidly increasing agricultural output,the problem of pollution from cultivated ground sources has become more prominent.This problem not only affect the sustainable development of agriculture,but also bring hidden dangers to the poverty-stricken areas to achieve poverty alleviation and sustainable development.Farmland non-point source pollution has become an important constraint to achieve sustainable agricultural development,and has aroused great concern from governments and academia.With the continuous advancement of poverty alleviation in China,some poor farmers have entered the non-agricultural sector,the proportion of concurrent farmers has continued to increase,and the degree of concurrent employment has continued to deepen.The resource endowment differences and gaps between different farmers have gradually increased,and the farmer' differentiation has gradually expanded.There is also a significant difference in the degree of dependence on the cultivated land and the output efficiency of farmers with different types of concurrent employment,leading to differences in farmers' attitudes to the treatment of farmland non-point source pollution.At the same time,the differences in poverty faced by different farmers are increasing.Because of the multidimensional nature of poverty and the complexity of agricultural resource systems,there are differences in the dependence of farmers of different poverty dimensions on the use and protection of agricultural resources.Starting from the background of farmer differentiation,exploring the impact of the povertystricken dimension of poverty-stricken areas on farmer participation in farmland non-point source pollution control is particularly important for the coordinated advancement of ecological protection and poverty reduction.This paper uses the micro-survey data of Qinba Mountain in southern Shaanxi Province to analyze the willingness and influencing factors of farmers with different types of concurrent business participating in non-point source pollution control of cultivated land by using the Probit model.The research shows that:(1)The willingness to participate in the cultivation of non-point source pollution control of pure farmers is higher than that of concurrent farmers.(2)For pure farmers,social trust and social participation have a significant role in promoting their willingness to participate,while factors such as health level and working experience negatively affect the willingness of pure farmers to participate.(3)For the first concurrent farmers,social trust and years of education have a significant positive effect on their willingness to participate.The social network,the number of labor and the number of agricultural machinery have a negative impact on their willingness to participate.(4)For the second concurrent farmers,social network and social participation have a significant positive effect on their willingness to participate,and the age significantly inhibits the willingness of the second concurrent farmers.Simultaneously,this paper uses the binary Logit model to reveal the impact of poverty on farmers' willingness to participate in prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution.The study shows that:(1)78.65% of farmers are willing to participate in prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution among samples.(2)29.53% of farmers belong to multidimensional poverty families among samples.Among the ten multidimensional poverty measure indicators,living fuel,the educational level of the householder and per capita net income are the three indicators of the highest incidence of poverty.In the calculation of five dimensions poverty of farmers,the ranking sorted by mean is: education poverty> health poverty> income poverty> quality of life poverty> information poverty.(3)The variables including critical illness,per capita education level,living fuel,household fixed assets,the accessibility of markets and per capita net income,all have a strong negative impact on farmers' willingness to participate in prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution.Among them,market accessibility has the highest negative effect.This indicates health poverty,education poverty,quality of life poverty,information poverty,income poverty are all negatively related to farmers' willingness to participate in prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution.The study also means that farmers who are poverty have a less probability to participate in prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution.Based on the above research conclusions,this paper proposes the following policy recommendations:(1)Promote the concentration of land to pure farmers,promote the development of agricultural industrialization,liberate rural surplus labor,build and improve rural organizational networks,increase social participation of farmers,cultivate awareness of cooperation,and increase participation of farmers Willingness to control agricultural nonpoint source pollution;(2)Based on the dimensions and characteristics of multi-dimensional poverty of farmers,implement targeted poverty alleviation policies to improve the quality and effectiveness of poverty alleviation,thereby increasing the internal participation of farmers in production-friendly behaviors such as pollution control of cultivated ground sources The driving force to ensure the coordinated advancement of ecological environmental protection work in poverty-stricken areas and poverty alleviation;(3)Improve the social security system,improve the health of farmers,eliminate “worries”,and carry out targeted assistance in the form of poverty-relief poverty dimensions to achieve ecological protection.