| Semen Cassiae is the ripe seed of Cassia obtusifolia L.and Cassia toro L.belonging to the Leguminosae family by autumn harvesting,drying,and removing impurity.In the theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Semen seed is slightly cold in nature,bitter,sweet,salty in flavor,and attributive to the liver,kidney and large intestine meridians,famous for its ability to improve eyesight with the functions of clearing away liver-fire and moistening the intestines to relax the bowels,listed as one of the items which can be used for both food and drug by the Ministry of health.According to "Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing" records,it can treat a variety of eye diseases,mainly used for the following symptoms,such as liver-heat syndrome with redness,swelling and acerbity pain of the eyes,and photophobia tears,headache and dizziness,blurred vision,and constipation due to dryness of the intestine.Cassia seed is cultivated or wild in the south of the Yangtze River in China,however,the present research on cassia seeds mainly focuses on anthraquinones,naphthalene-pyranone-ketones,proteins,and polysaccharides,and the researches of oligosaccharides are relatively fewer.Oligosaccharides are known as "bifidobacterium factor"because they have the effects of proliferating bifidobacterium and the role of oligosaccharides has been highlighted by growing concerns about gut health.Therefore,this paper takes the oligosaccharide of cassia as the research object and studies the extraction,separation,and component analysis of the oligosaccharide in cassia,as well as the proliferation of bifidobacterium,to provide a theoretical basis for the development and utilization of the oligosaccharide of cassia.The main content of this article is as follows.By water bath method to extract of oligosaccharides in cassia seeds and based on single-factor experiment including the extraction temperature,extraction time,ethanol concentration and solid-liquid ratio,using the response surface method to optimize the extraction process condition of semen cassia oligosaccharides,get the best extraction conditions for semen cassia oligosaccharides:extraction temperature 50?,extraction time 100 min,and solid-liquid ratio 1:25(g/mL),ethanol concentration of 22%,the yield of 11.151 mg/g.The oligosaccharides of cassia seeds were separated by dialysis tubes of 500Da,1000Da and 2000Da,and the three oligosaccharides were named as COSA,COSB,and COSC respectively.The average molecular weights of the three components were 405,965,and 2399 respectively.The monosaccharides of cassiae oligosaccharides were galactose,glucose,arabinose,and rhamnose,and galactose and glucose were the main components.Combined with infrared spectroscopy,the oligosaccharides of cassia were mainly composed of ?-D-pyran galactose and ?-D-pyran glucose.By using Bifidobacterium adolescentis,Bifidobacterium bifidum,Bifidobacterium infantis as experimental objects,and measuring OD value,pH value,the short-chain fatty acid in the fermented liquid,the results of proliferation experiments showed that the three components of oligosaccharide of semen cassiae had different degrees of proliferation effects on bifidobacteria,among which the component COSA has the best proliferation effect.At the same time,among the three kinds of Bifidobacteria,the proliferation effect of Bifidobacterium adolescentis is the best.Through in vitro experiments simulating the gastrointestinal environment,it can be seen that oligosaccharides have significant effects on the gastrointestinal environmental tolerance of bifidobacteria in different carbon sources.Meanwhile,bifidobacteria have the highest survival rate in the acid environment with pH 3.0 and in the simulated bile salt with the addition of glycocholate sodium of 0.3%.Compared with other carbon sources,the effect of cassia oligosaccharides on the survival rate of bifidobacteria was the most significant in simulated gastric and intestinal experiments. |
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