Studies On The Bioactivities Of Essitial Oils Of Piper Hancei Maxim,Piper Puberulum (Benth.) Maxim And Murraya Microphylla (Merr.&Chun) Swingle

Piper hancei Maxim belongs to the genus Piper of Piperaceae and is a common Chinese herbal medicine.Piper puberulum?Benth.?.Maxim belongs to Piperaceae,Liana shrubs.Murraya microphylla is an evergreen plant of the genus Rutaceae.The essential oil was extracted from the leaves and vines of Piper hancei Maxim by steam distillation,the essential oil was extracted from the dried crushed matter of the whole plant of Piper puberulum?Benth.?.Maxim,and the essential oil was extracted from the leaves of Murraya microphylla.The main components of essential oil were determined by GC-MS,and 42components were identified from Piper hancei Maxim.The main components included lupulene?13.624%?,caryophyllum?13.319%?,trans-?+?-nerolidol?12.507%?,naphthalene?8.525%?,dianthus caryophyllum oxide?6.404%?,horn tea alcohol?6.374%?,and hinokitiol?6.350%?.In order to find the fumigating active components in the essential oil,51 fractions were separated from the essential oil by column chromatography,and 13 main components were identified by GC-MS.There were 31 components were identified from Piper puberulum?Benth.?.Maxim by GC-MS,the main components included?-copaene?2.870%?,?-selinene?1.517%?,?-caryophyllene?2.991%?,?-elemene?1.847%?,1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydro-4,7-dimethyl-1-?1-methylethyl?naphthalene?2.320%?,caryophyllin?1.635%?,heptadecane?2.514%?,?-caryophyllene?22.264%?,and large root myrcene?2.830%?.There were 30 components were identified from Murraya microphylla by GC-MS,the main components included caryophyllene?20.357%?,pinene-4-hydroxy?11.604%?,?-terpinene?8.735%?,?-phellandrene?7.244%?,?+?-2-carene?6.951%?,?-elemene?6.028%?,and lupulene?5.599%?.In order to find the fumigating active components in the essential oil,59fractions were separated from the essential oil by column chromatography,and 19 main components were identified by GC-MS.In this paper,the fumigation activity of Piper hancei Maxim essential oil against adults of Tribolium castaneum Herbst was studied.The fumigation toxicity of the essential oil against adults of Tribolium castaneum Herbst was determined by the method of closed fumigation in triangular flask,and it was found that the fumigation toxicity of the essential oil was very obvious.Especially after the fumigation treatment time is 24,48,72,96 h,the LC₅₀ values are 357.33,322.52,145.82,91.07?L/L air.After treatment for 24,48,72,96 h,the LC₅₀ values of caryophyllin are 1833.83,37.95,26.52,24.49?L/L air.The determination results of caryophyllin showed that after treatment for 24,48,72,96 h,the LC₅₀ values were1487.94,97.72,65.22,24.53?L/L air,respectively.The LC₅₀ values of lupulene are 1757.77,104.50,73.66,53.62?L/L air.The LC₅₀ values of hinokitiol are 547.03,38.32,20.33,12.00?L/L air.The LC₅₀ values of naphthalene are 1131.16,445.44,242.40,32.68?L/L air.The LC₅₀ values of trans-?+?-nerolidol are 1419.73,1037.41,114.03,53.19?L/L air,respectively.The result shows:Lupulene,caryophyllin,trans-?+?-neryl alcohol,naphthalene,caryophyllin oxide and hinokitiol have better fumigation effects,especially hinokitiol has the best effect.Airtight fumigation method using triangular flask,Through the determination,the results of the fumigation and poisonous activity of Piper puberulum?Benth.?.After fumigating the adult worms for 24,48,72,96 h,the LC₅₀ was 345.16,309.16,127.37,86.52?L/L air,respectively.The best effect was 96 h,and the LC₅₀ was 86.52?L/L air.Maxim essential oil against adults of Tribolium castaneum on the adult worms.The results of the experiment show that the Piper puberulum?Benth.?.Among the 9 essential oil components,?-Caryophyllene has the strongest fumigation and killing effect on the adult worms,The mortality rates of fumigation for 24,48,72,96 hours were 76.67,86.67,96.67,100.00%respectively,obviously better than the other 7 essential oils?P<0.05?,?-Caryophyllene and?-Caryophyllene surpass the other 7 essential oil ingredients in quick-acting,all show good quick-acting.Determining the fumigation and antibacterial activity of the Tribolium castaneum Herbst adult essential oil and its isolated components of the essential oil of Gulina lucidum against Mango Colletotrichum by the growth rate method,the fumigation inhibitory effect of the essential oil of Tribolium castaneum Herbst adult on mango anthracnose is obvious,ED₅₀ is 63.30?L.Caryophyllin,4-?2-methoxypropan-2-yl?-1-methylcyclohexene,bicyclo[3.1.0]n-hexane-2 in the test of fumigation and antibacterial activity screening of the isolated components of the essential oil of Tribolium castaneum Herbst adult Hydroxy,2-methyl-5-?1-methylethyl?-?1a-2a-5a?,pinene-4-hydroxy and other ingredients fumigation and antibacterial effect is very obvious.The antibacterial rates were 16.8,100,40.2,52.6%at the amount of 20?L.The toxicities of the above components were determined and the ED₅₀ was 312.46,3.24,32,23.69?L respectively.Among them,pinene-4-hydroxyl,the ingredient,has the best antibacterial effect on mango tree anthracnose.