Study On The Construction Strategy Of Low-maintenance Landscaping In South Subtropical Region

With the change of social environment brought by the development of the age,it is required that the study of landscape architecture discipline should be extended from an art that provides aesthetic function alone to a disciplinary study of comprehensive value that satisfies the public aesthetics,bases on the concept of sustainable development and inherits the development of cultural context.With the rapid development of urban construction,the construction and development of urban landscaping has been confronted by a gradually emerging lack of natural resources,low ecological benefits,increasing maintenance costs and other problems,the landscaping construction with a high consumption and a high maintenance can not longer meet the requirements of ecological construction and sustainable development at present;In the process of ongoing social and economic development,there must also be the situation of unbalanced development,in some areas,the local government department,limited by a lack of funds,found itself powerless in the maintenance of urban landscaping after it was constructed.Therefore,in response to the requirement of sustainable urban landscaping and the unbalanced development of social economy,the demand for a low-maintenance landscaping grows with each passing day.Low-maintenance landscaping reduces the resource input and consumption in terms of materials,energy,manpower and other aspects,in order to promote urban landscaping towards a long-term,stable,sustainable and healthy development,which effectively promotes China's acceleration of ecological civilization construction and advances the process of beautiful China.This paper aims to explore the construction technology of Southern subtropical low-maintenance urban landscaping on a precondition that the quality of urban landscaping be insured,and based on the need of public aesthetics and sustainable ecological development,so as to meet the need for urban construction and development and the public's urgent need for landscaping,and to actively promote the urban ecological balance.The main object of this paper is the low-maintenance landscape in South Subtropical region,firstly,the concept is clarified,and it is pointed out that low-maintenance landscaping is a way to reduce the maintenance cost effectively by maintaining the normal growth of the landscape plants with little manual intervention,maintaining a good and perpetual condition of landscape,and realizing a low-consumption and high-efficient late maintenance.Then,the paper summarizes the characteristics of low maintenance landscape design through the research of relative literatures on low-maintenance landscaping and the study of successful cases of low-maintenance landscaping.In the light of the present situation and existing problems of landscape greening in South Subtropical city,the paper analyzes the objective demand of urban development for low maintenance landscape greening,and selects the typical representative city in South Subtropical region-Fuzhou,as the object of field investigation and analysis,constructing a low-maintenance landscape evaluation system to evaluate and analyze the landscaping in its urban parks,urban road green space and residential quarter green area.According to the field investigation and comprehensive evaluation results as well as the previous analysis,the author sums up the features and construction strategy of the low maintenance landscape based on the environmental conditions of urban landscaping in the South Subtropical region,which provides some references and examples for the future improvement and construction of the low maintenance landscaping in South subtropical cities.The main findings are as follows:(1)In view of the characteristics of the environmental conditions in the South Subtropical Region,the limiting factors affecting the construction of landscaping in the region were proposed,including significant factors such as temperature,precipitation,and typhoon,which were analyzed and combined with the impact of the actual limiting factors on the landscaping in the region.The deficiencies in the status quo of southern subtropical landscaping are summed up and analyzed in three aspects:garden plant selection and allocation,green planting methods,and landscaping and conservation,thus further proposing the necessity of low-maintenance landscape architecture development in the area.(2)It is summarized that,there is a total of 378 kinds of common open-field cultivated garden plants in South subtropical zone,including 137 species of Arbor plant,98 species of shrub plant,80 species of herbaceous plant,35 species of palm plant,11 species of bamboo plant,and 17 species of lianas.Fuzhou,a representative city in the South subtropical region,was taken as an example,combined with field investigation,to analyze and summarize the general situation of its urban landscaping.(3)The examples of landscaping in the Urban Park Greenbelt,urban Road green area and green area in residential quarter of the south subtropical city of Fuzhou were chosen to construct a low maintenance landscape evaluation system based on Likert Scaling Method through On-the-spot treading investigation and expert consultation.On the basis of the literature study,using the expert consultation method to determine the selection indexes,grading evaluation,with the low-maintenance characteristics as the overall goal,4 indexes,adaptability,stress resistance,management and protection and ornamental value,were selected and used;questionnaires were designed according to the selection of evaluation factors and evaluation structure,and the evaluation factors were quantified,The evaluation of low maintenance performance of several green landscapes in the place was produced.On the basis of the final evaluation index,the paper compares and analyses the various indexes related to the landscape greening in the scope of investigation,probing into the similarities and differences of landscape greening at different levels of maintenance,summarizing the main influencing factors of maintenance degree,and summarizing the features of low maintenance landscape greening.In the light of the analysis and research of successful cases of comprehensive low-maintenance landscape at home and abroad,this paper puts forward the key points of constructing low maintenance landscaping.(4)On the basis of literature study,through the Expert consultation method,each selection index and its weight were determined,in the light of the practical observation and the image data,the South subtropical low-maintenance garden plant species in the scope of survey were screened and summarized,178 species in total,among them,there were 101 species that were rated as level-1 in comprehensive selection index,77 species that were rated as level-2.Combined with the Comprehensive Screening Index analysis and the actual investigation situation,configuration pattern of the Southern subtropical low maintenance garden plant was summarized.(5)Based on the characteristics and the key points of construction of low maintenance landscape greening,combined with the characteristics of the main influence of environmental factors on the growth of landscape plants in the area,the methods of constructing the low maintenance landscape in South Subtropical zone were summarized from the following two aspects:in terms of the construction of low-maintenance landscaping,the main methods of handling the base address,planting method and the use of greening materials and facilities were summarized;In terms of the method of maintaining and protecting the low-maintenance landscaping,the methods of pruning conservation,weed control and pest control were summarized in this paper.