Research On Fire Smoke Spreading And Personnel Safety Evacuation In High-rise Building

In recent years, with the accelerated development of urbanization and the scarcity of land resources, high-rise buildings have become an inevitable choice for urban development. Inside high-rise building with electrical equipment, complex and diverse functions, interior decoration materials, pipe shaft and many residents, once the fire spread rapidly, residents evacuation and escape becomes difficult and severe. According to statistical data, 70% of the injured and dead in high-rise building fire is due to the smoke suffocation, thus the study of high-rise building fire smoke spread law is of extremely important significance.Fire numerical simulation study is basic and scientific. Based on the theory and research results of fire smoke spreading and diffusion at home and abroad, taking an example of a high-rise building in Shanghai as the research object, the fire simulation models are established and the relevant parameters are settled. FDS(Dynamics Simulator Thunderhead), PyroSim(Engineeering PyroSim Fire) and Smokeview are used to study the smoke spreading and diffusion during building fire.The numerical simulation is carried out in the following working conditions such as wholly enclosed room fire, the fire with air entering, and smoke spreading in the corridors and staircase. Through analyzing and calculating the data of smoke spreading, regional temperature distribution, volume fraction of CO, visibility and the available, the time of fire hazard is obtained, which is the available safety evacuation time(ASET). At the same time, using the established algorithm and formula, the evacuation time is obtained, that is, the required safety evacuation time(RSET). According to the judgment basis of the safely evacuating, the safety evacuation of the building model is determined and discussed.The research results can provide a certain theoretical guidance and technical support for smoke emissions design, effective control of smoke, personnel safety evacuation and firefighting during high-rise building fire.