Power Generation Using Cascaded System Of Micro Hydro Turbines

Due to Shortfall of electricity in Pakistan,more electricity generating projects should be implanted in the country.Need of more land,money and time.Making the environment eco-friendly for the society,hydel power generation method is chosen.Nowadays electricity is generating a variety of ways like from renewable and non-renewable energies.Electricity generated by hydel power is least expensive.For the construction of high head dams,a huge amount of land and capital cost will be needed.In that case,micro-hydro power plants will be considered for the short-term construction because they can easily start work on a run of river and generate electricity.The single micro-hydro turbine will generate electric power just for once.If we need more power,we should have to add more micro-hydro turbines.For adding more micro-hydro turbines,we should have to cascade it one by one in a way that the discharge of the first turbine will be the intake of the next turbine and so on and on.Archimedes screw turbine and Gravitation Vortex turbine are suitable for such cascaded system.The important factor of these turbines is that they can correlate with each other in a cascaded system in such a way that Archimedes turbine requires some head of 1m-5m but Gravitation Vortex Turbine does not need any head instead it requires the huge flow of water.So,by cascading them with each other one after another on a river or lake,the discharge water from the outlet of Archimedes turbine will then fed to Gravitation Vortex turbine.So,in this way,the accumulative amount of electric power will be generated and water will be fully utilized in that cascaded system of micro hydro turbines.In this thesis,the proposed method of the cascaded system of micro hydro turbines is suggested.The resources of Pakistan,available hydel potential,electricity demand,and a shortfall of Pakistan are analyzed.