Research Of Spatial Network Elements And Its Structure Characteristics In Ancient Huizhou Traditional Settlements

This research is part of the research starting from the research project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Prof.Chu Jinlong,“Research of Spatial Network Characteristics and Forming Mechanisms of Ancient Huizhou Traditional Settlements,and Its Implications for Rural Planning”?In order to avoid the content of the study,the duplication of the research and the facilitation of the formation of the topic of the system,this article will determine the focus of the study of the ancient Huizhou traditional settlement space network element structure,focusing on the ancient Huizhou traditional settlement area on the level of spatial network elements type characteristics.Settlement is “the home of person”,refers to all forms of live place,it's one of the important landscape on the surface of the earth,reflecting the comprehensive relationship between human activities and geographical environment,towns and villages and towns are the specific construction form of settlement.Traditional settlements refer to relatively preserved settlement which have long history,including the ancient city,ancient town and ancient villages,they typically have a distinct historical and cultural characteristics and historical style and features.Traditional Huizhou settlement as the important carrier of Hui culture are distinctive.This paper divide the spatial network of the ancient Huizhou traditional settlements to natural ecological spatial network,artificial material spatial network and non-material spatial network,identify them and extract the main spatial network elements.It selects mountain,water an natural ecological spatial network elements;selects ancient road,waterway and settlements as artificial spatial network elements;Nonphysical choose settlement spatial network connection between basic selects culture flow,blood relationship,business flow elements as non-material spatial network elements.This paper uses a lot of methods such as literature review,ancient books consult and field research to qualitative analysis the elements of spatial network in point-line-plane,in order to make clear the spatial network characteristics and spatial distribution of the elements in ancient Huizhou traditional settlements.And it uses the adjacent point index,nuclear density,buffer,? index,? index,accessibility index and other analysis methods to quantitatively analyze the elements of point-line-plane of ancient Huizhou traditional settlements spatial network,to reveal the combination qualitatively and quantitatively of spatial distribution and structural characteristics about the point-line-plane elements of spatial network elements.The analysis results show that the landscape construction of Huizhou dotted with valley basin of “plane”(Xiuning basin,Huizhou district basin,Tunxi district basin,Shexian basin,Qimen basin,Yixian basin,Wuyuan basin),four mountains formed a half circle,to enclose main basin of Huizhou area.Settlement is the main point element,it tends to with settlement of some elements in the vertical direction tends to low altitude,low gradient,south slope,near the river and ancient road on the vertical distribution,on the horizontal direction,uneven distribution within districts and counties,but tend to cluster distribution,Yixian area,Shexian and Jixi area are two high concentrated areas of traditional settlements,and local form the structure characteristics of “satellite”,“beaded” and discrete.Huizhou ancient road has a wide distribution,its traffic density is larger,uneven distribution of density,road traffic network link degree is better,the ancient road accessibility present in ancient Huizhou Shexian and Yixian as the center to the outer layers of type diffusion is reduced,it overall south road and the layered characteristics of settlement was lower than those of northern accessibility.Huizhou channel line more,uneven distribution of the route network density in each district and county,more than half of the settlements along the waterway transportation accessibility is good,and the west settlement accessibility is higher than the east's,and rendering attenuation in Qimen and Xiuning,And they attach as elliptic diameter,upward and downward by ellipse accessibility in the form of gradually reduce.Nonphysical space in the network elements,cultural elements present longitudinal dendritic evolution,structural features of primary and secondary level and clear on the horizontal infiltration in the Huizhou culture,at the same time,it affected by Zhejiang culture,Wanjiang culture,Taihu culture,Jinling culture,Jianghuai culture,Jiangxi culture and other regional culture to evolve.Huizhou clan has the area of immigration,internal diffusion,to the surrounding emigration phase characteristics.The inward moving stage on time concentrated in tang and song dynasty,mainly come from Henan,Hebei,Shanxi,Shandong.Internal diffusion of hot area to focus on Yixian plain and Shexian plain,to the surrounding out to Jiangsu,Zhejiang and Jiangxi area where Huizhou merchants are found all over.Huizhou merchants has translate sold to buy into buy to sold,Huizhou internal industry can be divided into the mountain tea,on the basis of lumber is given priority to with rice and forestry mountain basin tillage operation,districts and counties of the resource advantage and business industry also have differences,formed the different partitions.Huizhou land and water traffic network as Huizhou people provides convenient trade channels,business outlets is concentrated on Shexian and Xiuning.With wider range of regional level of Huizhou business,establish a almost cover most of the Chinese commercial network,some important commercial metropolis,is the hub of business network and bp.Ancient Huizhou traditional settlement area spatial network elements structure characteristic study is helpful to understand the history and culture of Huizhou resources integrated features and Huizhou ancient social development,a clear regional level of protection.We should improve the importance of regional space network elements,construct a transregional cooperation and coordination mechanism,integrate historical and cultural resources of Huizhou,use it reasonably in protection.