Study On Cordon-based Urban Congestion Pricing Method

As the confliction between travel demands and supplies has become increasingly serious,many cities exist serious traffic jams over periods and even throughout the day.As one of the most effective traffic management measures,congestion pricing has been successfully implemented in Singapore,London and other regions,where greatly improving the road service level.The effect of congestion pricing is closely related to the way of pricing,the choice of implementation area and the design of rate.Cordon-based pricing is a commonly way among congestion pricing cities.This paper studies on the cordon-based pricing.In order to design a more reasonable,feasible and operable traffic congestion pricing scheme,it focuses on the scheme design considering the characteristics of road network congestion and OD.On the basis of summarizing the research status and practical experience both at domestic and abroad,through analyzing the connotation and performance of cordon-based congestion scheme and the influence factors among scheme designing,this paper gives the judgment about the impact of traffic characteristics on scheme designing.Characteristics includes road network congestion,OD distribution,trip properties and road network infrastructure.Combining with the judgement,a designing idea of cordon-based pricing scheme which take road network characteristics into consideration is put forward.Feasible boundary is introduced,and two methods include method of identifying the studying scope considering characteristics of the congested area and method of judging feasible boundary upon studying scope are put forward.In order to support the determination of feasible boundaries,this paper identify the needs of congestion area identification,average speed of road sections,traffic volume and travel OD.The method of data acquisition combined with GPS data and multiple survey methods is given.On the basis of the feasible boundary judgment,factors include travelers' choice,operation rules of road network and restrictions on the transfer of congestion are taken into consideration,a bi-level planning model is constructed for designing the pricing boundary and rate.The upper level of the model takes the total social net benefits maximum under the restricting congestion transfer as the objective function and takes the pricing rate as a constraint.The lower level of the model is road network equilibrium model which considering travel time value and road limit rules.This paper adopts a combinational algorithm to solve the bi-level programming model.Based on the GPS data of floating vehicles and related survey data in Changchun city,this paper identifies the congestion area which is intended to implement cordon-based congestion pricing.Combining the investigation of partial trip attributes characteristics and road network data in Changchun city,this paper design the pricing boundary and rate by model and verify the feasibility of the model.Research provides a reference for solving traffic congestion problem with cordon-based congestion pricing and supports perfecting theoretical method for cordon-based congestion pricing scheme design.Meanwhile,research plays a catalytic role in combining GPS data to assist in formulating traffic management policy.