Research On Pricing Method Of Urban Road Congestion Area

In recent years,more and more large and medium-sized cities are faced with increasingly prominent traffic congestion,which has caused great harm to the sustainable and healthy development of cities.As an important means of traffic demand management,congestion pricing has been successfully implemented in Singapore,London and other regions,which has alleviated local traffic congestion to a certain extent.The implementation effect of congestion pricing has a great relationship with the type of pricing scheme,implementation area demarcation and rate setting.In view of this,in this paper,the range of congestion pricing cordon line was set reasonably and aimed at the defects of pricing scheme based solely on travel distance,imposes travel distance toll and travel time toll on travelers within the cordon line,in order to provide a more effective congestion pricing scheme.Firstly,in this paper,the research background,purpose and significance of traffic congestion pricing were introduced,the research status at home and abroad were summarized and commented,and the main research content and technical route of were clarified.The traffic congestion pricing theory,traffic flow distribution theory and traffic congestion pricing method were expounded.the paper analyzed the influence of road network congestion characteristics,travel OD distribution characteristics and road network basic attribute characteristics on the scope of cordon line,and put forward the process of determining the scope of cordon line.In order to determine the scope of cordon line quantitatively,the method of using GPS data to identify travel hot spots and obtaining data such as TTI,average speed and traffic flow were given in this paper.Secondly,on the assumption that travelers’ path selection behavior follows the stochastic user equilibrium based on Logit,a origin-based convex programming model was proposed by using the network transformation method under the joint travel distance and time toll.Then,a mathematical programming model with equilibrium constraints was developed to formulate the optimal joint travel distance and time toll design problem,aiming at minimizing the expected total travel time.In order to solve this model,it was transformed into a semi-infinite programming model,and a mixed tangent line and plane approximation method was used to relax the semi-infinite programming model,and then the incremental constraint method was used to solve the problem.Finally,Xi ’an City was taken as an example,the Didi trajectory data during the evening rush hour was used to identify the travel hot spots.On the basis of considering the influencing factors of the scope of the cordon line,combined with the basic attribute data of the road section and the traffic flow operation data,the scope of the cordon line was reasonably determined;Aiming at the optimal congestion pricing design problem of joint travel distance and time,Matlab coding and CPLEX optimization are used to solve the problem.The results show that compared with the congestion pricing scheme based on travel distance,the expected total travel time of the joint travel distance and time congestion pricing scheme decreases by 3.1%,the traffic volume on the longer path between the same nodes increases by 16.3%-37.5%,and the traffic flow on the shorter path between the same nodes decreases by 9.8%-24.5%,the saturation of the congested section within the cordon line decreases,the service level increases,and the overall traffic volume distribution is more uniform.