Study On Planning Of Charging Facilities In Different Urban Functional-Area Based On Supply Demand Side

With the increasingly serious environmental pollution and energy shortage in recent years,the enthusiasm for energy structure adjustment and research on energy saving and emission reduction technology continues to grow Electric vehicle has been put on the market as an ideal substitute for fuel vehicles,because of its clean electric energy,energy saving and environmental protection.However,with the development of electric vehicles,the problem of imbalance between supply and demand of electric vehicles is increasing,and the imbalance of the quantity ratio of electric vehicles and charging piles is becoming more and more prominent.The "mileage anxiety" of electric vehicles caused by the imperfection of infrastructure makes the development of electric vehicle enter the bottleneck stage,and gradually becomes the key factor to prevent the development of electric vehicle.Therefore,the rational layout of the charging facilities in the city is one of the effective ways to solve the above problems.Aiming at planning of charging infrastructure in the different functions of city,the complementary substitution effect among charging facilities in different functional areas should be fully considered.And different types and quantity of charging facilities should be built to meet the diversified charging requirements,according to the supply capacity of different regions.Based on this,this paper first introduces the current situation of the planning and construction of electric vehicle charging facilities at home and abroad and the research status of charging facilities planning methods,and expounds the characteristics and methods of charging demand forecasting and the basic principles and main contents of the planning of charging facilities.Then this paper analyzes the influence factors of charging facilities planning and the supply capacity of the distributed charging pile,and uses TOPSIS fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to sort the supply capacity of the candidate sites in charging station.Next,based on the characteristics of different functional areas in the city,the paper proposes a Monte Carlo simulation method to predict the temporal and spatial distribution of charging load and quantity ratio of fast and slow charging pile.According to the parking rules of electric vehicles in different functional areas.The method combines the probability model of fast and slow charging demand with the spatial and temporal distribution of parking demand,and predicts the charging load of fast and slow charging demand in different functional areas.On this basis,the paper quantitatively analyzes the complementary substitution effect among charging facilities in different functional areas,and establishes a unified model considering both charging pile and charging station planning.The model optimizes the position and capacity of the expressway charging station in the road network by minimizing the costs of investment,operation and maintenance,electricity,and charging station user and meeting the requirement of charging.At the same time,the model is also used to plan the number and ratio of fast and slow charging piles in the residential area,the commercial area and the industrial area.Finally,the planning of charging facilities in Xicheng District of Beijing is studied through the application of the above model.The rational planning results verify the practicability and effectiveness of the model.The charging load forecasting method proposed in this paper further differentiates the charging demand of electric vehicles,and provides support for to building different types of charging facilities in different functional areas.The planning model of the charging facilities takes into account the constraints of regional supply and the promotion of charging demand,making the planning and construction more reasonable and more economical through taking the complementary of the charging facilities as the premise and the minimum social cost as the goal.These studies have a reference to the planning of the charging facilities for urban electric vehicles to a certain extent.