Research On The Optimal Planning Of Charging And Changing Facilities For Electric Vehicles In The City

With the worsening of environmental pollution and energy crisis, the electric car has gained widespread attention because of energy conservation, environmental protection and other advantages. The construction of the charging and changing facilities will be made to enter the large-scale era by the large-scale application of the electric car. The research on the optimal planning of charging and changing facilities is of great significance to its planning and construction.In this article, the common ways used to add energy by electric vehicle are introduced firstly, then their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed and summarized. This article positions the different function of charging and changing facilities, gives the collaborative operating model between them. Finaly, the Particle Swarm Algorithm was introduced. Based on the theories, we carry out some research on the optimal planning of charging and changing facilities.Countering the characteristics of simple structure and flexible site selection of charging pile, we build optimal planning model based on separating areas and plots, introducing the concept of the dispersion coefficient. After the comparative analysis of charging and changing station and distribution station from the point of users’and the grid’s, we find out that their optimized planning can be implemented uniformly. Regarding the minimum cost of charging and changing service network as the objective function, the demand and the battery endurance mileage as the constraints, we build the optimal planning model. Considering the engineering practice as a reference, the transmission capacity of transmission lines, we divide the large centralized charging stations into three levels. Regarding the minimum cost as the objective function, considering the demand and power grid, a planning model which aims to decide the capacity and site choice of a large-scale centralized charging station was established.Finally, take an area as an example, the application of the proposed methods were carried out to optimize the planning of charging and changing facilities. Through the analysis of the results, a certain rationality of this method is indicated.