| Under the impact of the “globalization”,the architectural culture has become increasingly featureless.With the “international style” sweeping across the globe,building is losing its regionalism and precious culture characteristics.As the epitome of regional culture,traditional villages are now facing the rapid development process of “urbanization”,which is much more likely ends up in demolition.The traditional dwellings at Youfang village in middle of Henan province is an important part of Chinese traditional houses.As the typical representative of the traditional brick structure building,it focuses on the various cultural phenomena of ancient feudal society.The deep research on the traditional local-style dwellings’ features and cultural characteristics can provide the theoretical basis and technical reference on protection.This study’s research object is traditional settlements and folk houses at Youfang village in Xingyang city.On the basis of a large number of field surveys and literature material’s comprehensive analysis,this paper used the architecture and cultural anthropology,sociology,history,cultural geography,ecology and other subjects crossover as study method to lucubrate the protection of traditional settlements and folk houses in Youfang village.The study is divided into four parts.First,the research of generation environment of traditional settlements and folk houses in the village,including the characteristics of natural environment,historical and cultural background,and social and economic situation.Second,the characteristic analysis of traditional settlements and folk houses in Youfang village,including morphological characteristics of the settlement,folk houses of the village of planar basic types and typical architectural layout,building facade form features,construction technology and decoration,etc..Third,this paper extracts the cultural connotation of the traditional settlements and folk houses in Youfang village,including the Heluo culture,geomantic culture and ecological culture.Finally,this dissertation also researches the protection of traditional settlements and folk houses cultural heritage in the village,including the analysis of the current situation,the content and value of protection,the principles and strategies of protection,the future development planning and so on.The findings are as follows: 1)there is a close link between the generation of traditional settlements and folk houses and the environment,and the overall shape characteristic of the dwellings is the result of comprehensive function of local natural,geography,climate,cultural,social and economic.2)Under the influence of the ancient agricultural society system,village space structure presents a more regular checker-board reticular structure characteristics.There is a certain extent of defensive and poly tropism on the architecture construction.For example,“landlord manor” type village system and “front room,back building,courtyard” residence are representative,which make efficient use of local material resource.They have creatively integrated the western cave and eastern courtyard,and developed courtyard houses with “the brick house above the cave”,which has a excellent physical properties.3)The local-style of dwelling houses is simplicity and inside collected.Its adornment themes mainly include characters,geometric shapes,animals,plants,character and implements.The local residents combined wood carvings,brick carvings,stone carvings,grey carving and painting,and integrated nature and humanity,which showed a relatively primitive totem worship phenomenon.4)Xingyang traditional settlements and folk houses as a complex of the Heluo culture,the geomantic culture and ecological culture,its environmental landscape is “being situated at the foot of a hill and beside a stream” and “accumulation wind and polygas”,and its settlement construction is “suitting its measures to local conditions” and “theory that man is an integral part of nature”,and its architectural space is “the pecking order” and “the difference between inside and outside”,and its indoor environment is “warm in winter and cool in summer” and “comfortable well-being”.5)The traditional settlements and folk houses in Youfang village has a high value in historical,artistic,scientific,social and culture.So the protection of it must be adhered to the principle of “original,integrity,harmony and sustainability” to make it possible to combine with traditional village cultural tourism so as to develop related industries,as well as improve the villagers living standards,and realize the country revitalization. |
