Study On The Construction Skills Of Traditional Folk Houses In Wutai County

Traditional villages and traditional houses reflect the original spatial form of settlements in different regions.They are an important part of Chinese social culture and the carrier of production,life and culture of ancestors on the basis of relying on nature,respecting nature and adapting to nature.The research on the construction skills of local houses and the characteristics of local architectural culture can provide theoretical support and supplementary materials for the construction of beautiful and livable villages,It has important theoretical significance and practical value for promoting local economic development.This paper is mainly divided into five parts,a total of six chapters.The first part corresponds to the introduction of the first chapter.Through reading and summarizing a large number of documents,this paper discusses the origin and background of the research,the purpose and significance of the research,the research object and content,the research method and framework and the research status,so as to lay the foundation for the follow-up research.The second part corresponds to the second chapter.This part mainly summarizes the natural environment and cultural environment of Wutai County,summarizes the spatial distribution characteristics,settlement types and constituent elements of traditional settlements in this area,summarizes the architectural form and spatial form characteristics of residential buildings in this area,and selects the typical residential buildings in the settlements for analysis and introduction.The third part is the core of the paper,including chapter three and chapter four.The third chapter takes a five bay five purlin corridor free hard mountaintop main house as an example.According to the actual investigation and interview with craftsmen,the construction process of traditional wooden main houses in Wutai County is summarized as follows: construction planning and preparation-Construction of foundation-log processing-house erection-roof construction-wall masonry,and the construction processes are described in detail.The research shows that the broad courtyard,biansanlong double slope roof The thick walls constitute the most typical characteristics of Wutai wooden structure folk houses,and customs,cultural beliefs and lifestyle are the internal factors that form the external characteristics of Wutai folk houses.On the basis of summarizing and sorting out the field research data and combined with the contents of artisan interviews,the fourth chapter summarizes and analyzes the characteristics and spatial forms of Shigong cave dwellings in Wutai County,and focuses on the construction process of shigonggu kiln from the aspects of site selection,layout and approval of the base,preparation of preliminary materials,treatment of the base,orientation and setting out,foundation construction,masonry of walls and arches in various parts,kiln roof construction,interior,doors and windows,etc.The research shows that the rough and primitive wall,simple and simple doors and windows,practical and beautiful kiln roof and warm earth Kang are the most realistic portrayal of local life.The fourth part,the fifth chapter,focuses on the inheritance and development of the construction skills of traditional folk houses in Wutai County on the basis of the previous research.In view of the problems such as the dating of craftsmen,low public participation and the rapid disappearance of settlement traditional houses,this paper puts forward the strategy of paying attention to the protection of inheritors and improving the influence of local construction skills,and then puts forward some suggestions on the development status and problems of construction skills of traditional houses in Wutai County.The fifth part is the conclusion,which is the sixth chapter,including the conclusion,innovation and shortcomings.Traditional folk houses are the historical products of the accumulation and continuation of specific socio-economic level,customs and concepts and other factors.This paper takes the folk houses in the traditional settlements in Wutai County and the construction skills arising from the folk houses as the research object.Based on a large number of field investigations and artisan interviews,this paper summarizes the construction skills and technical experience contained in the construction skills of traditional folk houses in this area through comparative analysis,It fills the gap in the construction skills of traditional folk houses in Wutai Area,and makes a rescue record and arrangement of the construction skills that are about to be lost,which has important reference value for the protection and development of traditional villages.