Research On Optimization Design Of Forklift Steering Mechanism Based On Genetic Algorithm

This paper analyzes the development and trend of forklift industry in recent decades from the perspective of sales volume changes in forklift industry,as well as the development direction and technical characteristics of forklift abroad,and compares with the development of China's industry.It can be seen that the forklift enterprises in China have gained a certain position in the world.The product category has been further enriched,and the quality and technology level of products have also developed rapidly.However,there is still an undeniable gap compared with foreign counterparts.The development of the forklift industry in China has a lot of space for progress.The demand for all kinds of forklift products is still very large in the future,and the future of the industry is good.Therefore,it is necessary to continue to explore the technology and improve the performance of the product.As the handling,short distance transport vehicles,mobile flexible steering performance is one of the basic requirements,so this paper will be of forklift,forklift steering mechanism as the research object,the purpose is through the optimization design,improve the performance of steering mechanism.It includes reducing the turning angle error of the steering mechanism,increasing the minimum transmission angle and limiting the change of the transfer force ratio.First,the optimal design object is the double trapezoid steering mechanism and the crank slider type steering mechanism,which are commonly used in forklift trucks,which basically cover the type range of the steering mechanism used for large,medium and small tonnage forklift trucks.Therefore,taking these kinds of mechanisms as optimization design objects,the steering movement process of the mechanism is analyzed.The coordinate point method is used to mark the hinge position of the mechanism,and the analytical relation model of the outer wheel angle,sector angle and outer wheel angle of the double trapezoidal steering mechanism is established by analytical method.In the same way,the relationship model between the steering wheel angle of the crank slider type steering mechanism and the distance of the hydraulic cylinder is established.In addition,the analytical calculation method of the transmission angle and the force transfer ratio is also given,which lays a foundation for the establishment of the optimized model.Secondly,based on the mathematical analysis model of forklift steering mechanism,combined with the principle of intelligent genetic algorithm,the process of implementation and the optimization theory of mechanical design,the optimization model of fork truck steering mechanism is established.It includes the determination and treatment of objective function,optimization variable and constraint condition.And programed the genetic optimization program of forklift steering mechanism by using C++ language.Finally,using VC++6.0 as the software development platform and combining the optimized program with the application framework provided by the platform,a genetic algorithm optimization software is developed for the steering mechanism of the forklift truck.By using the functions of visualization and data transmission,we optimize the computation,display the results of optimized parameters and draw visual models,and dynamically simulate the steering motion.Through example calculation optimization,analysis and optimization results,the performance characteristics of double trapezoidal steering mechanism and crank slide block steering mechanism are compared,which can provide assistance and reference for designers when designing steering mechanism.