Evaluating The Equity Of Shenzhen Rail Transit Network Based On Activity Opportunity Index

Rail transit is important public resources in the city,and the fairness of rail transit network affects whether or not different areas and different social groups have fair travel opportunities,it is also the important content of constructing "public service government" under the background of social transformation.This paper introduces the concept of activity opportunity,includes accessibility and connectivity of traffic network into the calculation of activity opportunity index,and uses this tool to evaluate the equity of Shenzhen rail transit network.Shenzhen population data,rent and housing prices data,urban village data,POI distribution data,rail transit planning and operation data are collected,use Arc GIS and UNA Toolbox software to calculate travel accessibility and activity connectivity,and obtain the spatial distribution of activity opportunity index of community units of Shenzhen.Also analyzes and compares the spatial distribution characteristics and changes of activity opportunities in the three stages.On the basis of activity opportunity index,discusses the spatial distribution of rail transit network in Shenzhen,and the fairness of travel demand among urban residents in different areas and different social classes from two perspectives: spatial equity and social equity,and makes a diachronic evaluation of its fairness combined with the different stages of development of Shenzhen metro.The results show that the rail transit resources have obvious different tendency among the urban areas at different stages of the development of Shenzhen metro,there is an obvious dualistic structure inside and outside the former Special Economic Zone.The activity opportunity gap between inside and outside the Zone first increased and then decreased.In the three stages of rail transit development,the population with high activity opportunities is mainly concentrated in Futian,Luohu and Nanshan District,the population with low activity opportunities is mainly distributed in Baoan,Longgang and Longhua District,and and Baoan may have the largest demand for public transport.Among the various social classes,the activity opportunities of the lower income groups are most easily ignored,and the middle income groups have the least profit.At last,combining with the characteristics of the city of Shenzhen,this paper analyzes the deep-seated reasons for the unfairness of the rail transit network:historical inertia of dual differentiation inside and outside the former special zone,population agglomeration and spatial barrier in urban villages,requirements of urban planning and urban development and objectives and principles of rail transitdevelopment and construction.And put forward the optimization strategy from two aspects of the planning layout and policy management.