Study On Evaluation Of Public Transport Service Equity In Shenzhen Based On Activity Opportunity

Urban public transportation plays an increasingly important role in residents' daily life.Not only that,its equality of resource distribution affects social equity construction directly.As one of the important public policies of the government to regulate urban space resources,urban planning needs to understand the distribution characteristics of public transportation resources and guide its fairness construction,thereby promoting urban development and ensuring social equity.The research object of thesis is the public transportation network of Shenzhen,including rail transit and conventional bus.7265 residential areas,as spatial units,are grouped into urban village residents and non-urban village residents,according to their locations' land properties.By analyzing the opportunity of activities involvement,an accessibility measurement model is constructed.In the meantime,the activity opportunities of residents in 2011,2016 and 2020 are calculated.According to the result of data analysis,the overall activity opportunities increased gradually,while the urban residents' growth rate much lower than the non-urban residents'.After analyzing the spatial evolution characteristics of activity opportunities,the significate difference of various administrative regions activity opportunities in each phase appeared.In order to show the equity of public transportation services among different regions and crowds intuitively and accurately,both the Dagum Gini coefficient and its decomposition and Kernel density estimation method are used for horizontal equity's analysis and evaluation.As it shows,the city's overall horizontal equity is increased firstly then decreased,while the overall level of equity at a low equity level.The difference in activity opportunities among regions should take the main responsibility of the overall unfairness.According to the dynamic evolution characteristics,the city's per capita The distribution of activity opportunities has a narrowing trend.After evaluating the vertical equity through Data comparison,Dagum Gini coefficient and its decomposition and kernel density estimation methods,another phenomenon appeared.During the study period,the overall vertical equity reduced,but remain a low fair level through the whole time.No clue of improvement appeared,even when the activity opportunities of non-urban villagers at different stages are significantly higher than those in urban villages.from the Gini coefficient of each stage,the internal fairness of urban villagers is significantly lower than that of non-urban villages,which is not conducive to social stability.From the perspective of dynamic evolution characteristics,this phenomenon indicates the attention vertical equity deserved is still missing.The cause of unfairness in both horizontal and vertical are analyzed at the last part of this thesis.And as a result,corresponding improvement strategies towards these reasons are proposed.