Effect Evaluation And Optimization Study Of Residents Ladder Electricity Price Policy

Electric power is an important basic energy to ensure the steady operation of China's national economy and the daily operation of people.The formulation of its price involves the vital interests of the broad masses of the people.In recent years,China's energy supply and demand contradiction has gradually increased,environmental problems urgently need to be solved,and the price of raw materials like coal keeps rising.However,China has long adopted a uniform low price policy for residential electricity consumption,which has exposed many drawbacks and problems.On the one hand,the problem of electricity price cross-subsidy between industry and commerce and residents is serious,which affects the healthy development of industry and commerce.On the other hand,the subsidies that users enjoy keep increasing with the increase of electricity consumption.It neither reflects the value of power resources reasonably,nor reflects the principle of fair burden,and is not conducive to the construction of resource-saving and environment-friendly society.In order to solve the problems in the field of residential electricity,many countries started to implement the reform of residential ladder electricity price as early as 1970 s.Since 2004,China has tried out the policy of household price echelon in ZheJiang,SiChuan,FuJian and other provinces and promoted ladder electricity price nationwide in 2012.However,whether this policy can effectively solve the problems existing in the area of residential electricity pricing and effectively promote energy conservation,cost compensation,income distribution and improvement of cross-subsidies.The power consumption groups and the academic circles have disputes about the scientificity and effectiveness of the resident ladder electricity price system.Therefore,it is of great significance to evaluate the effect of the policy of resident ladder electricity price and conduct optimization research.Firstly,this paper makes a theoretical analysis on the mechanism and policy effect of resident ladder electricity price policy by using economic theory.Secondly,taking ZheJiang province as an example,this paper comprehensively evaluates the effects of the policy on resident ladder electricity price policy from the four aspects of resource conservation,income distribution,cost compensation and cross-subsidy.Finally,the author puts forward some countermeasures and Suggestions to optimize the price policy.The main contents of this paper are as follows:1.Objective guidance and overall implementation effect analysis of resident ladder electricity price policy.The objective demand for price reform in residential electricity consumption and the diversified target expected to be achieved by the implementation of the ladder electricity price policy are systematically sorted out.At the same time,from the macro level,the implementation process and the overall implementation effect of this policy are summarized and analyzed,thus laying the foundation for the specific empirical research on the policy.2.Theoretical analysis of the effect of the policy on resident ladder electricity price..On the basis of analyzing the characteristics of power market and product attributes,the characteristics and differences of different electricity price structures are compared.Based on the analysis of the mechanism of the effect of the resident ladderelectricity price policy by the theory of industrial economics,regulation economics and other relevant theories,the theoretical foundation is laid for the empirical study of the effect of the resident ladder electricity price policy in the following part.3.Empirical study on the effect of the policy of resident ladder electricity price policy.Based on the relevant panel data of ZheJiang province,the measurement models such as fixed effect model,regression discontinuity model,extended linear expenditure system model(ELES)and so on were respectively used to conduct empirical analysis on the effect of the policy on resident ladder electricity price policy from four aspects of resource conservation,income distribution,cost compensation and improvement of cross-subsidy.The results show that the policy has certain effect on income distribution and cost compensation,but the effect of resource saving and cross subsidy improvement is very limited.4.Put forward countermeasures and Suggestions for the optimization of resident ladder electricity price policy.According to the empirical research results,this paper explores the prominent problems existing in the resident ladder electricity price system,and proposes targeted countermeasures and Suggestions,in the hope of providing reference for the government to further optimize the formulation of resident ladder electricity price system.For example,scientifically set step electric quantity and step electricity price;Set up dynamic adjustment mechanism of resident ladder electricity price.The possible innovation points in this paper are mainly shown in the followi ng aspects :(1)Comprehensive evaluation of resident ladder electricity price polic y from multiple perspectives.This paper starts from the four new perspectives of resource conservation,income distribution,cost compensation and cross-subsidy,a nd makes a multi-angle,all-aspect and in-depth comprehensive evaluation of the implementation effect of the policy.2)Double-check the resource conservation eff ect of ladder price policy by using fixed effect model and regression discontinuit y model.In this paper,based on the fixed effect model to test the effect of lad der price policy resource conservation,the regression discontinuity model is furt her used to test the research results,which makes the estimation results more re asonable and scientific.(3)Use extend linear expenditure system to analyze the in come distribution effect of esident ladder electricity price policy.In this paper,t he ELES model is introduced into the field of residential electricity consumption to investigate the impact of resident ladder electricity price on the affordability of electricity price of residents of different income levels,and then to evaluate t he income distribution effect of resident ladder electricity price policy.