Fire Research On Evaluation System Of Large Public Buildings

In recent years,with the progress of society and economic development,large-scale public construction,especially large-scale shopping malls,have increased rapidly.The related problems have been also reported.Generally speaking,large public buildings are usually built in crowded places in the city center.The risk of fire is high.It is difficult to rescue and escape in the event of a fire,and the resulting economic losses and social impact are enormous.Based on the above reasons,large public buildings need regular fire risk assessment.At present,China has not established relevant regulations for fire risk assessment during the operation of large-scale public buildings.Therefore,this paper establishes a corresponding risk assessment model for large-scale public buildings(mainly shopping malls)in order to provide reference for risk assessment in this area.In this paper,from personnel factors,safety management factors and the building itself three aspects,we first set up a large-scale public building fire risk assessment index system,which is the initial establishment of two levels of the index system and contains a total of 13 related indicators.Then using the method of pre-investigation to obtain the relevant people’s views on the indicators,using reliability and validity analysis to evaluate the effectiveness and reliability of the index system,and finally get the optimized Fire Safety Evaluation Index system of large public buildings.Secondly,the model of fire safety evaluation for large public buildings is established by using structural equation model.The structural equation model is a statistical method of analyzing the correlations among variables by studying the covariance matrix among them,which is often referred to covariance structure analysis.As a multivariate measurement model,this method fully combines the path analysis and factor analysis,and under the condition of allowing certain errors,we can take into account the relationship in the variables and the relationship between variables.In this paper,we first make assumptions about the relationship between the pre-factors of the index and the different factors,using the Amos software to establish the structural equation model path map,investigating the importance degree of each index by questionnaire,and analyze the reliability and validity of the questionnaire to ensure its credibility and effectiveness.Then the corresponding data is input into the structural equation model,and the corresponding hypothesis is analyzed by the first order and the second phase verification factor.Based on the path coefficients obtained from the structural equation,the weight coefficients of the final indexes,i.e.the importance degree,are obtained in this paper.Finally,according to the importance of each index,this paper puts forward a series of suggestions for the fire safety risk of large public buildings.