Improvement Of GPSR Routing Protocol In Internet Of Vehicles And Its Performance Simulation Under Urban Traffic

The Internet of Vehicles becomes more and more popular for the complex traffic environment and the growing demand of driving services.As one of the networking communication technology for the Internet of Vehicles,the Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks(VANETs)has been widely concerned.In the VANETs,the network performance is largely determined by the routing protocol,while the highly dynamic network topology indicates higher requirements for the routing protocol.In this paper,the research on routing protocols for the Internet of Vehicles was carried out,and an efficient and robust routing protocol was designed to improve the performance of VANETs.The main research work is as follows.First of all,the communication technologies for the Internet of Vehicles,such as the architecture,communication standards and VANETs networking technology were researched.On this basis,the routing protocol was analyzed,which is the key technology of multi-hop transmission in the VANETs.According to the use of positioning equipment and auxiliary electronic information,the routing protocol was divided into three categories,including topology-based,position-based and map-based routing.It shows that the comprehensive utilization of position information and map information can improve the correctness of routing selection.Secondly,a typical position-based routing protocol,Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing(GPSR),was analyzed.Considering its instability of communication link,routing redundancy and poor adaptability in the urban traffic scene,the Link-Quality and Road-Property Based Greedy Routing(LRGR)was proposed.Using QoS link quality modeling analysis and urban road property information,greedy forwarding strategy and route recovery strategy were improved,together with the forwarding mechanism,the above problems were solved.Then,an urban traffic simulation scene was designed in the simulation of routing protocol.Firstly,the Vehicular Mobile Model was studied,and the Krauss model was optimized.To deal with the problem of unified behavior and acceleration process in jumps change,the Differential Behavior Following Model was proposed.Then,through the urban traffic simulation software SUMO,the simulation scene based on the real map of Wuhan Hongshan Square was realized by using the DBFM model.Finally,the LRGR protocol was implemented through the network simulation platform NS-3,and then the comparison experiments for the traffic density and velocity were designed under the urban traffic scene.The results show that LRGR has fewer hops than GPSR does,which reduces the routing redundancy.In the low density scene,LRGR achieves an increasing delivery rate of about 33% with about 40 ms loss in the average delay.While in the high density scene,LRGR has about 20% higher delivery rate and 10 ms lower delay.In the experiment of velocity,LRGR has an average of 21% delivery rate and 7ms delay performance improvement.This paper shows that the improved LRGR routing protocol is very suitable to the dynamic characteristics of VANETs,and performs better than the GPSR protocol under the urban traffic scene.