Identification Method And Characteristic Analysis Of Bus Recurrent Congestion Based On IC Card Data

With the acceleration of urbanization and the increase in urban population,public transportation plays an increasingly important role in urban transportation systems.However,in the process of taking public transportation,passengers often appear to wait for no bus or multiple buses at the same time.The reason for these situations is the delay caused by the congestion of individual bus stations,which causes the passengers at the subsequent stations to bear the delay together,which greatly wastes the passenger’s time and economic costs.In order to solve the impact of station delays on the line delays’and improve the operation of the bus,this paper establishes the identification method and evaluation system for the recurrent congestion stations in the bus based on the IC card data.By studying the operation status of the bus congestion stations and analyzing the influence degree of the congestion stations on the line operation,this paper offered the theoretical basis and decision support to improve the operation status of the bus lines.Firstly,based on the summarization of the normal congestion research and the bus operation evaluation at home and abroad,the identification method between the recurrent congestion stations of public transportation is established,and a multi-dimensional and multi-level evaluation method for the inter-crowded stations is proposed,from the congestion stations themselves.The operating characteristics of the congested stations are evaluated from two levels:the self-operating operation of the congestion station and the influence of the congestion between the stations and the line.The bus station contains three levels of identification features and indicators,that is,the congestion threshold indicator determines whether the station congestion occurs.The congestion time ratio determines the recurrent of serious congestion and the frequent occurrence recurrent of the frequent indicators,and identifies the frequent congestion stations.The bus station contains three levels of identification features and indicators.The congestion threshold indicator determines whether congestion between stations occurs,the congestion time ratio is more than the indicator to judge the recurrent of serious congestion and the frequent;occurrence index to judge the frequent frequency.Identify frequently occurring congestion stations.And the congestion threshold is established as the fast road is less than 20km/h,the trunk road is less than 15km/h,and the secondary trunk road is less than 10km/h.The congestion time indicator is that the congestion time ratio is greater than 62.5%.The recurrent index is 80%.Secondly,in the evaluation of self-running between the stations,the evaluation is summarized from three aspects:spatial dimension,speed dimension and time dimension.From the spatial dimension,the occurrence of location between congested stations is related to many low-level roads,the distribution of congestion mileage is also affected by the distribution among the congestion stations.From the speed dimension,the speed change between the congestion stations is the same as that of the car speed,and the speed correlation between these is strong.From the time dimension,the frequency of the peak congestion stations in the morning and evening is basically the same,but the operation between stations in the evening peak hours is polarized,that is,the number of stations in the smooth and congested state is the most.Thirdly,:in the evaluation of the impact of the traffic between the stations,it is found that there is a one-time relationship between the speed of improving the congestion station and the speed of the line.The speed of the station increases by 10%would lead the line speed increased by 2%to 3 in different time periods.By analyzing the passenger flow and stop time characteristics of the station and the line,it is determined that the line passenger flow has a quadratic function relationship with the stop time,indicating that the stop time increases with the increase of the passenger flow,but the growth rate gradually slows down after reaching a certain passenger flow.At the same time,most of the congestion stations that account for a small number or total mileage provide most of the delays,indicating that the congestion sites have a significant impact on line delays.Finally,when analyzing the relationship between the stop time and the line operation,it is found that the relationship between the stop time ratio and the speed drop ratio can be described by the second power function,and as the stop time ratio increases,the speed decrease is faster than the increase.Finally,through the study of specific routes to verify the above-summarized rules,it is found that the above law analysis is consistent.At the same time,for the difference between the specific route and the previous law,the reasons for the differences are studied,and corresponding improvement measures are proposed..