Research On The Distributive Effect Of China’s High-speed Railway On Regional Economic Development

With the continuous progress of science and technology,China has officially entered the "high-speed railway era".High-speed railway is not only a means of passenger transport,but also an important means for local governments to revitalize the economy.The 19 th national congress of the communist party of China clearly pointed out that the principal contradiction in Chinese society has changed,and that the principal contradiction now is between the people’s ever-growing need for a better life and unbalanced and inadequate development.This shows that it has become a national strategic goal to narrow the economic differences among regions and realize the coordinated development among regions.Then,while stimulating and strengthening the economic development of some regions,will the less developed regions suffer from the loss of labor and capital and other factors,which produces the distribution effect? If such a distribution effect exists,what is its mechanism? Is this distributional effect heterogeneous across industries? The research on this subject will have great significance to the policy making of local governments.Theoretically,based on the center-periphery model,this paper constructs two ways for high-speed railway to produce distribution effect--accessibility effect and center-periphery effect.Empirically,this paper takes the beijing-shanghai high-speed railway as an example and builds an econometric model to empirically analyze how accessibility effect and central peripheral effect lead to the generation of distribution effect.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows :(1)The distribution effect of high-speed railway is realized through accessibility effect and central peripheral effect.The accessibility effect is reflected in the fact that high-speed railway shortens the time and space distance between cities by improving the accessibility of cities,thus generating new production methods,expanding the product and labor market and providing more "face-to-face contact" opportunities.The central and peripheral effect is reflected in the high-speed rail link between the central city and the peripheral city,which will lead to the local enterprises in the peripheral cities to compete with the enterprises in the central city,thus allowing labors to flow.(2)The completion of beijing-shanghai high-speed railway changes the accessibility of cities along the line and their adjacent regions,and transfers the production factors of cities not along the line to cities along the high-speed railway;At the same time,the factors of production will transfer from the peripheral cities to the central cities under the influence of the center-periphery effect.(3)Different employment groups in different industries have different responses to the high-speed railway.The distribution effect has a significant impact on the business service sector and the manufacturing sector,but a small impact on the non-business service sector.Paying attention to the regional distribution effect of high-speed railway,that is,the role of high-speed railway traffic in the allocation of industrial factors,will help the central and local governments to take more favorable decisions to balance regional development in the process of high-speed railway facility development.