Study On Plant Landscape Planning Of Mount Emei Scenic And Historic Interest Area

Plant landscape is an important part of scenic spots and tourist attractions,and an important carrier of ecological environment,recreation and cultural display.In recent years,although our country has carried on the massive scenic area construction,landscape plant planning still mainly depends on sensory planning program from entity space level,lacking of scientific planning from different levels of plant resources protection and sustainable utilization.The cause of landscape plant planning is unreasonable and plant resources destruction phenomenons commonly occur.The ecological scale decomposes and recombines the plant landscape through clear organizational levels form an organic entirety of the population,community and landscape,which provides a new idea for scientific and systematic planning.On the basis of previous studies,this paper constructs the plant landscape planning system with ecological scale view,takeing mount emei scenic area as an example to carry out a preliminary study on its plant landscape,in order to provide a reference for the planning and construction of plant landscape in scenic areas.The main conclusions of the study as follows:(1)On the basis of related literature research,the planning system of population-community-landscape is constructed.At the level of population,the plant resources and distribution in scenic and historic interest areas were investigated and analyzed,and the surveyed plants were evaluated by using the descriptive factor method.The rare and endangered plants and ancient and rare trees were protected depends on classification,and the plants with high ornamental value were selected,which laid a foundation for the tree species planning in the scenic area.Community level is on the basis of the population level,the composition and spatial structure of the plant community in the scenic spot were further analyzed through the calculation of the plant community related index,so as to provide a basis for the protection and construction of zonal plant community.In landscape level use ArcGIS to analyze scenic area vegetation types and the distribution of space,the comprehensive results based on the community level and species level,follow the principle of integrity,protective,etc,taking protect with the priority,building plants reserve network,optimizing the structure of plant landscape of the scenic spot,integrating plant landscape resource partition planning.Finally,it forms a planning system with ecological scale view,which provides a theoretical basis for the planning of plant landscape in scenic and historic interest areas.(2)Taking the core scenic area of mount emei scenic area as the research object,the plant resources were investigated by combining the line and sample land method.The results showed that there were 546 species of 247 genera in 88 families.From the distribution point of view,the general trend of the species of the scenic spot plant family and genera is slowly rising and then rapidly falling with the elevation.Based on the established planning system,the plant landscape in the core scenic area of mount emei scenic area was analyzed from three aspects.The rare and endangered plants,ancient and famous trees were graded and evaluated based on the population level,there were 5 species of rare and endangered protected plants,such as southern yew,yew and pseudo-unisex magnolia emei,8 species of secondary protected plants and 3 species of tertiary protected plants.34 ancient trees under primary protection,85 under secondary protection and 38 under tertiary protection;As well as ornamental plants with high ornamental value,such as rhododendron emei,emei rose,lapsang,mabilaceae and aceraceae,etc.The results of community hierarchy show that mount emei reflects 5 typical vegetation zones,7 vegetation types and 36 flora from low mountain to high mountain.Among them,suitable for the construction of zonal plant communities are nanmu + runnannan-peach-leaf coral + cymbidium sinensis-cold-water flowers cluster,interleaved wood + leaflet qinggang < man qinggang-water hemp-fangzhu cluster and so on;The results show that the vegetation landscape structure of mount emei scenic and historic interest area has the characteristics of vertical differentiation,the low mountain area is mainly evergreen coniferous forest and evergreen broad-leaved forest.The vegetation types in the mid-mountain area are the most abundant,including deciduous broad-leaved forest,evergreen broad-leaved forest,evergreen coniferous forest and mixed forest,etc.The high mountain area is dominated by coniferous broad-leaved mixed forest,subalpine coniferous forest and shrub meadow.(3)Based on the protection,development and utilization of plant landscape,and the results of investigation and analysis at all levels,the plant landscape of mount emei scenic and historic interest area was planned with landscape--community--population as the main line.First,from the perspective of protection,this paper constructs the scenic area plant protection network.According to the complex population theory,the planning framework of "two horizontal,two vertical and multiple cores" is formed.A total of 12 core protection patches are planned,focusing on the protection of rare plants,ancient trees and rare trees and their habitat communities.Each patch is connected to form a habitat network through the ecological corridor.Second,from the perspective of viewing and culture,the plant landscape is divided into five zones: “xiongxiu” subalpine plant landscape zone,“shenxiu” mountain forest landscape zone,“puxiu” buddhist temple plant landscape zone,“yexiu” sparse forest meadow landscape zone and “lingxiu” botanical garden landscape zone.The low mountain area has numerous ancient trees and temples,so it should mainly prominent ancient tree culture;The central mountainous area is rich in species,focusing on creating seasonal plant landscape of spring flowers,summer shade and autumn color to highlight the diversity of plant landscape.The high mountain area may consider the subalpine plant characteristic as well as the buddhist temple culture.Finally,the above landscape level planning is supplemented and improved by special planning at the community and population levels.