| As an important part of the Energy Internet,the integrated energy system(IES)aims to realize conversion and utilization,collaborative optimization,coupling and complementation of multiple energy sources,so as to improve the terminal energy efficiency and intelligence level of the energy system.Since 2015,China has issued a number of policies related to IES.In July 2016.the National Development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration said in the "Implementation Opinions on Promoting Multi-energy Complementary Integration and Optimization Demonstration Project’’ that complete the construction of the first batch of integrated energy supply systems as soon as possible,which requires relevant power grids and thermal networks to do supporting works.With the continuous advancement of domestic IES construction and the vigorous implementation of industrial park construction,a variety of new energy sources have been added to the industrial park IES(IP-IES).helping to achieve multiple energy complementarity and reduce the consumption of fossil energy.However,in the power structure of the IP-IES,coal still occupies a dominant position,and new energy sources such as photovoltaics and wind power are still auxiliary.Meanwhile,all types of power sources in the IP-IES have environmental externalities.Under the background of continuous improvement of the IP-IES,it is necessary to consider the environmental externalities of its power supply structure.This paper takes the power structure of the IP-IES as the research object,and calculates the external cost of coal,wind and photovoltaic power generation as part of the unit energy cost of the IP-IES.By considering the cost characteristics of different types of generator sets.as well as economic,social resource,environmental factors,the minimum cost per unit of power generation is set as the objective function,and meeting the energy demand,ensuring system reliability and controlling pollutant emission levels are regarded as the constraints.On this basis,the power optimization model of the IP-IES considering environmental externalities is constructed and employed to calculate the reasonable proportion of various types of power sources in the IP-IES.The research contents of this paper mainly include:(1)Overview of IP-IES.Introduce the basic situation of industrial parks and integrated energy systems separately;analyze and draw the system composition diagram of the IP-IES;analyze the power characteristics of IP-IES from the aspects of relevance and externalities.(2)Construction of an environmental externalities accounting model for coal,wind and photovoltaic power generation.Explain the connotation of environmental externalities;analyze the composition of environment externality of coal-fired electricity and the characteristics and difficulties in its accounting;use the direct market method to construct the accounting model for the environmental externality of coal-fired electricity;analyze the composition of environment externalities of wind power and photovoltaic power generation and the characteristics and difficulties in their accounting;using the full life cycle method to construct the accounting model for the environmental externalities of wind power and photovoltaic power generation.(3)Construction of the power optimization model for the IP-IES.The optimization ideas and optimization principles are discussed.Based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm,six constraints including energy demand and power load and reliability are considered,and the power optimization model for the IP-IES is constructed with the minimul unit power cost as the optimization objective function.(4)An empirical study oin power optimization of an IP-IES taking into account environmental externalities.Calculate the environmental extermality of coal-fired electricity from two aspects:environmental countermeasure cost and environmental loss cost;account for the environlental extenialities of wind power and photovoltaic power generation from two aspects:environmental value costs and environmental compensation costs:on the basis of accounting results of environmental externalities costs,an empirical analysis of the power optimization of an IP-IES is carried out.The research results show that the actual total installed capacity of the 300MW coal-fired generating units in the IP-IES is larger than the model calculation results.The actual total installed capacities of the 600MW coal-fired generating units,wind power and photovoltaic power generation units are smaller than the calculation results.Besides,after considering the environmental externalities of coal-fired power,wind power and photovoltaic power generation,the installed capacity of the 300MW coal-fired generating units calculated by the model is further reduced.The theoretical installed capacity of the 600MW coal-fired generating units should increase,but the increase is smaller than the calculation results without considering the externalities.IThe theoretical installed capacity of wind power and photovoltaic generating units should increase.The research results of this paper can provide power optimization direction for the future expansion project of the IP-IES.and provide empirical support for similar power supply planning in IP-IES. |
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