Research On Visual Cognition Mechanism Of Drivers’ Hazard Perception

Based on the importance of human factors related to hazard perception in reducing traffic accidents and the significance of driver’s hazard perception research,this paper combines the existing research at home and abroad,adopts the method of questionnaire survey and video driving simulation experiment,takes driver’s hazard perception evaluation and its influencing factors as the research object,and based on the theory of KAP,the structural equation analysis model was established to study the inner relation between the direct and indirect.The intrinsic correlation between driver’s hazard perception and its visual search characteristics in typical dangerous traffic scenarios is analyzed through experiments,and the cognitive mechanism of driver’s hazard perception is studied.In the study of driver’s hazard perception evaluation and its influencing factors,this paper introduces drivers’ perception of dangerous scenes,traffic restrictions(signs and norms),risk attitudes,penalty violations,luck and attitude towards traffic restrictions,and designs and improves the driver’s hazard perception evaluation and its influencing factors scale.Based on the KAP theory,the structural model of driver’s risk perception is constructed by exploratory factor analysis and structural equation model verificationand analyzes the cognitive mechanism and influencing factors of driver’s risk perception.The results show that the risk attitude of the driver has a direct impact on the perception of danger,and the driver’s tolerance for the violation of the penalty affects the risk perception indirectly through the influence of the risk attitude.The conclusion is in line with the KAP theory,and the direct or indirect correlation with other factors such as traffic perception and unawareness and driver’s risk perception is a further supplement to the driver perception model based on the KAP theory.In order to further analyze the cognitive mechanism of driver’s risk perception,this paper uses independent samplet test and variance based on the collected demographic variables such as age,gender,driving age and driving mileage,as well as traffic accidents and violations to conduct a differential analysis of drivers’ risk scene identification,traffic constraint cognition,violation penalties,risk attitudes,and unawareness.The results show that there are significant differences between drivers based demographic variables,risk scene identification of traffic accidents,traffic constraint cognition,violation penalties,risk attitudes and unawareness,and there are some correlations among variables.For example,the driver’s risk attitude and unawareness are directly related to the risk scene identification level.The conclusion is consistent with the structural path of the driver’s risk perception structural equation model based on the KAP theory.In order to understand the visual cognitive mechanism and search characteristics in the process of driver’s dangerous scene identification,this paper collects the data of driver’s visual characteristics and risk perception evaluation in the process of dangerous scene identification under typical dangerous scenes through video simulation experiments,and divides the driver’s visual area,and analyses the distribution,residence and transfer of viewpoints among different visual areas.The results show that the visual search characteristics of drivers under different risk perception evaluation indicators are significantly different,and the drivers with strong risk perception ability have more comprehensive,scientific and efficient visual search scope.The research results of this paper are of great significance for revealing the process and inherent law of driver’s risk perception,the driver’s screening and training,improving the risk perception training simulation platform,road safety facilities and driving assistance.