Study On The Awareness And Influential Factors Of Farmers’ Participation In Rural Road Management In Yanjin County

“To get rich,to build roads first” is enough to illustrate the importance of rural roads for rural development.From the statistics of national highway construction,from 2014 to 2017,only the village road growth amounted to 75,300 kilometers.The growth of rural roads and their own characteristics have made the poverty-stricken counties with financial constraints encounter unprecedented difficulties in the management of rural roads.Rural roads are non-exclusive and non-competitive.They have the positive effects of expanding domestic demand,improving the layout of the national transportation network,changing farmers’ consumption decisions,and expanding the agricultural product market.That is,rural roads have quasi-public goods with positive external effects.As a rational "economic man",the peasants have the feeling of "free rider",so the "four good roads" need to explore a road to benefit sharing and share responsibility.Farmers’ participation in the management of rural roads is affected by the status of household heads and the average annual household time.At the same time,the decision-making of household heads will be affected by family conditions and community factors.Benefits are the conditions that drive rational farmers to participate in rural road maintenance.This paper studies the influencing factors of farmers’ participation in rural road management from four aspects: household characteristics,family characteristics,community factors and benefit conditions.Taking the national poverty-stricken counties(Yanjin County,Yunnan Province)as the research object,381 heads of households from 11 villages were selected as the survey objects,and 354 valid questionnaires were finally obtained.The SPSS20.0 statistical software was used to establish a binary logistic regression model,combined with interviews and observations,using farmer behavior theory,rural social relations and public goods theory to analyze and explain.The study found that: First,most farmers have the willingness to participate in the management of rural roads and can implement the management of farmers,and the daily maintenance is handed over to the farmers,and the maintenance is carried out from the farmers,and the way of raising the land is raised.Second,farmers are more sensitive to money than land and labor.The economic income level is the basis for farmers’ participation in management,and whether farmers are willing to participate in the conservation of agricultural income,neighbors and household heads,the closer the housing is to the road,the conditions for farmers to participate in custody.Third,members of the family of big surnames are affected by the social network of rural acquaintances and are unwilling to participate in the management of rural roads.Fourth,the complete support by the financial support and the excessive participation of village cadres in the maintenance of rural roads will have a “crowding out effect” on the willingness of farmers to participate.The excessive participation of village cadres in conservation has created opportunities for farmers to “free riders” and the demonstration effect has been weakened.Fifth,farmers use the distance between their homes and major fields,forests and land as the standard for evaluating the fairness of road construction.The more they evaluate the fairness,the more the farmers have the opportunity to “free ride”,and the willingness to custody is weakened.Finally,the conclusions are combined with reality of yanjin,and suggestions are put forward to optimize the existing management system and mode,how to form a custody team,and how to implement the combination of reward and punishment.