Research On The Aesthetic Estimation Of Railway Landscape Based On Reception Aesthetics

In the wake of the rise of railway appreciation,the railway has gradually become a new type of landscape.According to the general railway aesthetic experience,Chinese railway has great landscape values,but the reception of the railway landscape in our society is not so high,resulting in many potential landscapes and heritages being eliminated as dross.Therefore,the relevant aesthetic estimation is of great significance in formulating protection policies,guiding landscape utilization and guiding aesthetic ideologies.However,the definition of "landscape" in quantitative landscape aesthetic estimations still remains in discussing the objective environment that is full of the tinge of bio-determinism and formalism ignoring the initiative of the subject and lacking the reference system for analyzing the subject and object.Therefore,it is necessary to introduce aesthetic methodologies to guide the estimation process and establish reference systems so as to understand the aesthetic reaction.Reception aesthetics holds that the aesthetic object comes from the reception of subjects,which conforms to the purpose and operation procedure of landscape estimation.It can also correct the formalism which only analyzes the shape,establishes symbolic systems casually and the bio-determinism which only discusses whether the landscape form conforms to the "ecological" standard.However,the theory of reception aesthetics still has some ambiguities and contradictions and were mostly used in the field of literary appreciation.It needs to be reorganized and transformed before the estimation of the railway landscape can be carried out.Here we can take the Chuanqian Railway as an example to estimate through SBE model with the methodology of reception aesthetics.Firstly,the theory of reception aesthetics and the background information of Chuanqian Railway’s object characteristics will be sorted out through the Research Synthesis Method.The object characteristics and background of Chuanqian Railway will be supplemented by the Field Research Method.Then,the Semantic Difference Method will be used to let subjects evaluate the landscape text and their own aesthetic reactions of Chuanqian Railway.Finally,the Statistical Analysis Method will be used to analyze feelings of landscape texts and landscape beauty of subjects,in order to understand Chuanqian Railway’s landscape,during this process,the subjects’ feelings will also be detected that whether they were based on the text though the Logical Analysis according to the object characteristic and the background of landscape texts.The conclusions are as follows:(1)Reception aesthetics is not subjective idealism and relativism,but a unified theory of subjectivity and objectivity.Its text theory,reception theory and efficacy theory have important guiding significance for landscape estimation.(2)Reception aesthetics’ s reception theory and general landscape aesthetics both regard "landscape" as the aesthetic object generated by the subject,they can be perfectly combined to direct the cognition of landscape estimation.(3)Text theory of reception aesthetics can establish reference systems of analyzing landscape objects for the existing Expert Model.The efficacy theory not only provides a reference system of grasping the aesthetic feeling but also establishes a quality inspection standard of the aesthetic feeling for SBE Model.(4)The landscape sections with rich symbols analyzed by the Expert Model is easier for all the subjects to understand the norms of beauty,and the subjects with different social backgrounds have different preferences for the Chuanqian Railway landscape.Therefore,the development and utilization of landscape should be directed by symbolic consciousness and exert different symbolic meanings for each different group.