The Construction Thought Of Mongolian Settlements:From The Perspective Of Shamanistic Culture

Chinese civilization is composed of nomadic civilization and agricultural civilization.As we know,nomadic civilization’s human settlements have unique regional characteristics and values.However,the research of urban planning thought in China mainly focuses on agricultural civilization,which ignores the minorities with non-agricultural civilization.What’s more,it mainly focuses on settlements in the study of the human settlements in Inner Mongolia.The study of traditional nomadic civilization construction thought is seldom emphasized.Shaman culture,formed in the middle and late Paleolithic period of matriarchal clan society,is the basis of the formation and development of the core values of nomadic culture in northern China.Under the influence of Shaman culture,the human settlements are mainly organized by traveling country system,which is compatible with the life style of grassland nomadism for a long time.Whether Shaman culture is an important factor for the settlement or non-settlement of the Mongolian people,and whether it has an impact on the Construction Thought of settlement environment of the Mongolian,and in what specific aspects its impact is manifested,these three questions are the key point to discussed in this paper.Focusing on these three questions,this paper combs the relationship,connotation and expression of Mongolian human settlements construction of Shaman culture from the perspective of integrated research methodology of human settlements science theory,combining the two cultural analysis principles of cultural relativity and universality with the static and dynamic analysis methods of human settlements science.In the dynamic analysis of human settlement and the integration of cultural relativity,this paper chooses the traveling country system and Obo altar as clues to analyze the relationship between the evolution of traveling country system and altar and the development of Shaman culture,under the background of human settlements in different stages of Shaman culture development.In terms of static analysis of human settlement and integration of the general characteristics of Shaman culture,from three specific perspectives of Shaman culture: cosmology,nature and soul,explores the spatial origin of human settlement and the ideological origin of its construction.Finally,these performances are summarized in the ideological framework of human settlement construction.At the same time,the results are compared with thought of Zhou yi,Zhou Li,Guan Zhong and Manchu’s habitat construction thoughts,which are mainly influenced by fishing and hunting civilization.Through dynamic analysis,static analysis and inductive and comparative analysis,this paper holds that Shaman culture is an important ideological source for the construction of human settlements in the non-settled era of Mongolia.Its manifestations are as follows:(1)Shaman culture and thousand-family system constitute an important link for the formation and maintenance of the national system;(2)Shaman culture is an important factor for the formation and development of the Obo culture;(3)The view of cosmology and soul of Shaman culture has a great influence on the layout thought of Mongolian human settlements environment construction;(4)the view of nature of Shaman culture has a great influence on the ecological ethics thought of Mongolian human settlements environment.