Study On Safety Inventory Strategy Of Key Components In Refrigerator Manufacturing Enterprises

With the improvement of personalized demand,the refrigerator production system has been gradually transformed from traditional make-to-stock(STO)to assemble-to-order(ATO),and the enterprises have changed from storing the finished products to storing components and parts so as to meet the market demand.The components used in the assembly process of refrigerator can be divided into two categories:one is the key component with high value,mainly referring to the refrigerating machine;the other category is non-critical component with lower-value.The market availability of key components is less marketable than that of non-key components,and the cost of inventory and shortage is much higher.Therefore,in the production process of refrigerator,the effective inventory management strategy of the key components is one of the important links to ensure the smooth production of enterprises.Optimizing the inventory strategy of key components to keep the stock of key components possessed by enterprises in the range of safety inventory is an important method for enterprises to ensure regular production and timely delivery thereby improve customer satisfaction and obtain the lasting competitiveness.In the production process of refrigerator,the demand for key components is random on account of the random time and quantity of orders placed by customers.Under the environment of lack of reasonable inventory strategy,there is a serious imbalance between supply and demand of the key components in the process of production,in a certain time point,the gap between the inventory of key components held by enterprises and the demand is so large that in a long period of demand,high shortage of key components and high inventory backlog exist at the same time,making enterprises bear huge losses.Hence,enterprises can reasonably develop the inventory strategy of key components,which plays a key role in reducing the production cost of enterprisesAt present,there are two main methods to develop safety inventory strategy in the context of the random demand:one method is to apply the mathematical model to acquire the security inventory strategy under the certain service level for the purpose of the lowest cost on the basis of the demand obeying the normal distribution,the limitation of this method is that the distribution of demand is assumed,and the validity of inventory strategy cannot be verified,moreover the actual demand does not conform with the normal distribution completely;the other is to apply simulation technology to carry out simulation calculation to determine the ordering point,and determine the security inventory strategy by subtracting the average demand from order point,this strategy needs the accurate prediction of the total demand,when the demand distribution of each cycle is relatively stable,it can achieve good effect,and the calculation workload of this method in the simulation process is very large,also the simulation operation efficiency is lowThis paper respectively studies on the the safety inventory strategies established by the methods that one is to only use mathematics model and the other is to apply the mathematical model combined with simulation system,taking AM Refrigerator Manufacturing Enterprise that ranks in the first place of the export volume of Chinese refrigerator for many years as the background,conducts approximate analysis on the demand distribution based on the data of refrigerating machine demand of AM refrigerator Manufacturing Enterprise,and it is considered that the demand distribution of refrigerator can be regarded as an approximate normal distribution.After analyzing the annual total demand of refrigerating machine of AM Refrigerator Manufacturing Enterprise,it is found that the demand has approximately linear trend.The method of unitary linear regression analysis is used to predict the demand of refrigerating machine of AM Refrigerator Manufacturing Enterprise,on the basis of forecasting the annual total demand,the first safety inventory strategy is established by using a mathematical model of making safety inventory strategy under the stochastic demand environment.The random number generator is used to obtain the random number when the demand meets the normal distribution.A safety inventory simulation system under random demand environment is constructed,and a second safety inventory strategy is developed by combining mathematical model and simulation system.Finally,based on the data of the actual refrigerating machine demand of AM Refrigerator Manufacturing Enterprise,this paper carries out the analogue simulation on the safety inventory strategies established by two methods that one is to only use mathematics model and the other is to apply the mathematical model combined with simulation system,in order to acquire the inventory cost under the certain service level and compare it with the inventory cost and service level under the safety inventory strategy currently adopted by AM Refrigerator Manufacturing Enterprise.The results show that the safety inventory strategy developed by the method of combining mathematical model with simulation system can effectively improve the overall service level and reduce the total inventory cost.