The Acoustic Environment In The Operating Theatre Of General Hospitals

In recent years,more and more people pay attention to the environmental quality of medical buildings.At present,the main research direction of hospital acoustic environment is focused on public areas such as wards and waiting areas,but the department of surgery,as an important medical technical department in general hospitals,has not paid enough attention to the sound environment.Most of the researches on the sound environment of medical buildings mainly focus on the effect of noise on patients' physical and mental health.Medical staff work in noisy medical buildings for a long time,but their physical and mental health,work efficiency and so on are not paid much attention to.Considering the typicality and urgency of the study,this paper takes the operation department of two general hospitals in Chongqing as the research object,in order to reveal the law of the change of the sound environment in the operation department and the evaluation of the medical staff.The aim strategy of improving the sound environment of operation department is put forward,which provides scientific basis and technical support for promoting the humanized design of hospital.According to the literature,two main types of surgical departments in China were sorted out in this paper,and two large general hospitals in Chongqing were selected as the research objects,because the average working hours of the medical and nursing staff in the surgical department were 8 hours and 10 hours.In order to understand the influence of operating department noise on the physical and mental health and work efficiency of medical and nursing staff,the stage of operation on working day was selected as the measuring period.Firstly,the noise level of indoor and clean corridor in operating room was measured on the spot.The noise propagation law of clean corridor in operating room and single corridor was analyzed objectively.The background noise energy in the operating room is mainly distributed in 500 KHz,which indicates that the background noise is mainly composed of language.The Leq of operating room was 62.2 ±1.9 dB(A),.The Leq of one operation was between 42.2 and 94.6.There was no correlation between the noise level and the duration of the operation(P ? 0.224,P > 0.01).The behavior characteristics of typical noise sources in orthopedic department,obstetrics and gynecology department and surgery were observed,and the noise sources in the operation department were analyzed according to five description factors: type,interval,frequency,duration and position.The types and characteristics of noise sources with high frequency in the operation department were determined.It is found that the first three kinds of sound source with the highest frequency of operation in the three departments except the monitor are the same,namely,the sound of speech conversation,the sound of opening and closing,and the sound of collision of surgical instruments,in which the sound of conversation and the opening and closing of the door are necessary working behavior except for the part of the opening and closing of the door.There are also some unnecessary noise behaviors.There are 10 kinds of noise sources in the clean corridor of compound corridor and single corridor,respectively,and the frequency of interactive activity of single corridor is higher.The activities of the non-working nature of the compound corridor usually occur at the end of the internal test of the operation department,and the activities of the non-working nature of the single corridor usually occur in the middle of the corridor of the operation department.In order to further understand the evaluation of the sound environment of the operation department by the medical and nursing staff of the operation department,a large number of questionnaires were conducted on the sound environment of the operating room of the two general hospitals,mainly the evaluation of the medical staff,which involved two parts.The first part is the basic information,including gender,age,occupation,length of service in hospital,working hours per day in operating room,etc.The second part is about the specific evaluation of the sound environment in the operating room,including the evaluation of the present situation of the sound environment in the operating room,the impact evaluation on the medical and nursing staff,the importance evaluation and the improvement evaluation.In order to find out whether the basic information such as the length of service in hospital and the length of working hours in operating room are related to the evaluation of acoustic environment,the results of the questionnaire are statistically analyzed by SPSS25.0.There was a significant correlation between the working hours of medical and nursing staff in operating room and the evaluation of acoustic environment(P < 0.01),which indicated that the longer the working time of medical and nursing staff in operating room,the more they felt that the sound environment of operating room was noisy.The longer I served in the hospital,the more important the sound environment in the operating room was(P < 0.05).According to the above results,an indoor acoustic model is established to simulate the sound environment of the operating room with the same volume and different plane shapes,and the changes of the indoor sound field after four different sound absorption treatments in the operating room are compared.The changes of indoor sound field before and after different sound absorption treatment in operating room.Based on the results of investigation,analysis and simulation,the noise control strategy of surgical department is discussed from the outside and inside,mainly based on the internal improvement strategy,from the plane layout,plane shape,sound processing,electroacoustic system design,respectively.The environmental intelligent noise masking system and equipment noise reduction processing are discussed in order to provide the basis for the establishment of ideal hospital sound environment design and improvement.The conclusion and prospect part puts forward the idea of follow-up research in this direction through the summary of this study.The realization of a healthy and comfortable medical environment is an urgent problem in the process of hospital development in China.The research results of this paper will provide a new research method and scientific knowledge for the establishment of hospital standards and the improvement of the operating environment in our country.