Research On Bidding Strategy Of Highway Engineering Based On Game Theory

At present,the development of highway engineering in our country is getting better and better,and the corresponding bidding system is becoming more and more perfect,which is followed by fierce competition among highway engineering construction enterprises.If an enterprise wants to obtain a project in the fierce market competition,that is,to win the bid in the bidding process,it must do everything possible,even at the cost of reducing the profit margin.Bidding quotation is the key factor for tenderers to evaluate whether a bidder wins the bid or not,and it is also related to how much profit the bidder can obtain from the bidding project.Therefore,it is very urgent for construction enterprises to study the bidding quotation strategy that enterprises choose when bidding.From the perspective of bidders,this paper studies how to determine two different bid evaluation methods-the lowest evaluated bid price method and the bid quotation strategy under the comprehensive evaluation method,and adjust the bid quotation based on this.This paper first analyzes some problems that need to be paid attention to in the process of highway engineering bidding and quotation,and the selection principle of influencing factor indexes.Then it analyzes the external influencing factors and internal influencing factors respectively,and establishes the influencing factor index system of highway engineering bidding and quotation,and points out ten kinds of influencing factors of bidding and quotation,mainly including external influencing factors and internal influencing factors.At the same time,SWOT-CLPV analysis model is established to make qualitative analysis of the enterprise's own situation,so as to better study the bidding strategy.Then,according to the relevant theories of tender offer and the index system of influencing factors,the competitor SWOT-CLPV analysis is carried out on the bidding enterprises,and then the bidding offer game models under two bid evaluation methods,the lowest evaluated bid method and the comprehensive evaluation method,are respectively constructed.After evaluation,the bidding process of the lowest bid price method belongs to incomplete information static game,and Bayesian Nash equilibrium method is adopted to obtain the optimal bid price.However,in the comprehensive evaluation method,a full mark quotation interval is determined according to the characteristics of the method,and then the previous bidding quotation rules of competitors are analyzed to find the deviation between their quotations and the optimal quotations,or the familiar competitors are analyzed by using the exponential smoothing method to analyze the difference between their historical quotations and the optimal quotations,so as to estimate the competitors' quotations this time.Then,the established model is applied to actual cases,which finally proves its practicability and operability,and can guide the bidding work of construction enterprises in the future to a certain extent,thus greatly increasing the probability of bidding.