Study On Rural Hollowing Process And Rural Reconstruction

Since the reform and opening up,with the rapid advancement of urbanization,the siphon effect of the city has led to the rapid transfer of rural elements to cities and towns in relatively good economic conditions,resulting in the hollowing out of rural areas.As one of the important elements in the process of rural development,the loss of rural labor has caused many problems in the vast rural areas,such as extensive use of land resources,frequent desertion,decline of rural communities,and declining environmental features.The State Council’s "Opinions on the Implementation of the Rural Rejuvenation Strategy" issued in2018 set specific requirements for the rural hollowing out and rural rejuvenation.The rural hollowing is one of the most restrictive factors for promoting rural revitalization in the current environment.The primary task of rural revitalization is to properly handle the problem of rural population hollowing.The social and economic development of the southwest region particularly lags behind that of the east region,and the phenomenon of rural population loss is more serious.Therefore,this paper selected the county with large traditional agricultural population in the southwest of Santai County as the research object,explored the evolution process of rural hollowing by measuring its rural hollowing level,and further analyzed the influencing factors of rural hollowing to formulate rural reconstruction.Finally,rural reconstruction strategies were formulated to provide a theoretical reference for rural transformation and development in the context of hollowing out.This study used hollowing out calculation formulas to estimate the rural hollowing level of Santai County from 2008 to 2018.First,it analyzed the evolution process of the hollowing of 63 towns in Santai County from the town scale,and analyzed its ten-year change characteristics in time and space;Secondly,the study selected 3 sample towns from 63townships-Le’an Town,Anju Town,Jindu Township,taking administrative villages as the research unit,and 27 administrative villages in Le’an Town and 8 administrative districts in Anju Town,6 administrative villages in the village and Jindu township areas were taken as research objects,and their ten-year spatial and temporal evolution characteristics were deeply analyzed from the micro scale;Finally,based on the geographic detector model,the strength,spatial difference,and interaction of the factors affecting rural hollowing are detected and analyzed.The purpose of this study is to combine the research on the evolution process of rural hollowing and influencing factors,explore the path of rural reconstruction,and realize the optimization of the spatial pattern,the transformation of economic form,the innovation of the social system and the local culture from the reconstruction of space,economy and society.Inheritance of the country,etc.,laid the theoretical foundation for the hollowing of rural areas,and provided assistance for rural revitalization strategies.The specific research conclusions are as follows:1)The time evolution characteristics of Santai County shows a rising trend of fluctuation,but the fluctuation range was small.The space presented a circle-shaped structure,and the overall development was "low in the middle,high in the surroundings".The evolution characteristic was that it gradually spread from the third-tier townships on the edge of Santai County to the central circle centered on Tongchuan Town.Then it turned to a steady state,and the hollowing level of the entire county was mostly stabilized,and some towns and villages showed an intensified trend on this basis.2)From the analysis of the village scale,the calculation results of the hollowing of Le’an Town were compared with the other two sample towns,and the average hollowing rate of the village were the lowest.In terms of time,the entire 2008-2018 development trend showed a trend of stabilizing and then rising.In terms of space,the evolution characteristics of the hollowing rate in Lean township villages from 2008 to 2018 showed that the areas with a higher degree of hollowing in the early stage were distributed as dots on the edge of the township and the center of the town.The time-series characteristics of the hollowing calculation results of Anju Town in 2008-2018 were as follows: rising → falling → rising change trend,the change range is relatively large.In terms of spatial evolution characteristics,Anju Town showed a tendency to penetrate from the edge villages to the inside.The hollowing of villages spread faster,but the overall degree of hollowing of villages has declined.The temporal evolution of rural hollowing degree in Jindu Township from 2008 to 2018 is characterized by a continuous upward trend from 2008 to 2018,and its annual average hollowing rate was higher than that of Le’an Town and Anju Town,and it shows an increasing trend.In terms of space,the spatial evolution process of Jindu Township was relatively complicated,and the overall trend was from southwest to northeast,and from point to plane.3)The detection results of the influence factors of rural hollowing showed that:farming-aggregation ratio> village per capita income> effective irrigated area of farmland>housing rate> distance from Santai county government> distance from main road> ratio of agricultural income to non-agricultural income > Total output value of agriculture,forestry,animal husbandry and fishery> Distance from the township government> Cultivated land area per capita> Public service facilities.The detection results of the spatial differences of influencing factors showed that 37 pairs of influencing factors have significant differences in the spatial distribution of rural hollowing.There were no significant differences between the remaining 18 pairs of impact factors.The detection results of the interaction of factorsaffecting rural hollowing showed that: the explanatory power of each impact factor and other impact factors after interaction detection is higher than that of a single impact factor,and the interaction relationship mainly showed the two-factor enhancement type and nonlinear independent enhancement types of.This study combined the hollowing level of the study area and the analysis of influencing factors,based on the actual situation of the study area and relying on its own resources and development advantages to summarize the rural reconstruction path of the study area.From the three aspects of economic,social and spatial remediation and reconstruction,the transformation of economic form,the innovation of social system,the optimization of the spatial pattern and the inheritance of local culture,etc.,provided assistance for promoting the coordinated development of urban and rural areas and realizing rural revitalization.Finally,Anju Town was selected as the empirical demonstration of hollow village reconstruction,and the path of Anju Town reconstruction was explored specifically,which provided a theoretical basis for the rural revitalization of Anju Town.Based on the strategy of "village revitalization",this article took village hollowing as an entry point,explored the characteristics and influencing factors of hollowing,grasps the essence of rural hollowing,and properly solved the rural problems caused by rural hollowing.It is hoped that it can provide new ideas for rural hollowing and restructuring and rural reconstruction,help rural revitalization strategies,and play a positive role in China’s economic development.