| With the rapid advancement of new urbanization and industrialization,the development of Rural Settlements has caused huge pressure on the supply of construction land.Coordinating the contradiction between the development of Rural Settlements and the protection of farmland has attracted great attention from the government.Rural Settlements is one of the main forms of construction land,reflecting the social,economic and cultural conditions of rural areas,and is one of the most important types of land use for describing rural development.At present,China’s rural development is generally faced with problems such as low land use efficiency,scattered and messy layout,and hollow villages,which have seriously affected the process of industrialization,urbanization and modernization in rural areas.The strategy of rural revitalization requires observing the law of temporal and spatial differentiation,accelerating the modernization of agriculture and rural areas according to local conditions and local conditions.Therefore,there is an urgent need to accurately grasp the spatial differentiation characteristics of rural residents and their influencing factors,in order to provide a scientific basis for the new rural construction and hollow villages under the rural revitalization strategy.This study aims to discover the distribution pattern of rural residents in Hexi region,explore the factors that affect its spatial distribution,and quantitatively detect the influence of various factors at the individual and county level of rural residents.The study is based on the Rural Settlements datasets in Hexi region,using a dynamic model,landscape pattern analysis,center of gravity transfer model and spatial statistical analysis methods to explore the spatial distribution,landscape pattern and change characteristics of Rural Settlements in Hexi region from 1986 to 2018.On this basis,comprehensively use a variety of research methods to quantitatively analyze the influencing factors of changes in Rural Settlements.Then,combined with the relevant data sets,the geographic detector model is used to detect the influence of the drivers of spatial differentiation of Rural Settlements,and to clarify the relative importance of the different factors that cause the spatial differentiation of the characteristics of Rural Settlements such as scale,density,shape and utilization rate.,Range of advantages and interaction.The following main conclusions are drawn:(1)The individual scale of rural settlements in Hexi area is generally small,lowvalue agglomeration characteristics are obvious,and the distribution pattern is “more in the east and less in the west,dense in the east and sparse in the west”.There are large spatial differences in the number,area and shape of rural settlements in various cities/counties.The patch size is gradually increasing,but the polarization is serious,the fragmentation of the landscape is further reduced,the spatial connectivity is enhanced,and the change of patch shape is a fluctuating process of alternating complexity and regularization.The change of rural settlements takes "external expansion" and "adjacent expansion" as the main change forms,mainly at the expense of farmland ecosystem,but gradually tapping the potential of rural settlements and encroaching on grassland ecosystem adjustment.And the center of gravity has moved to the northwest and southeast at different rates,and the change in the center of gravity is mainly caused by large-scale resettlement projects.(2)Rural Settlements show a strong dependence on water sources and topography,and are concentrated in gentle areas with low elevations,low slopes,and near rivers.The expansion area is a plain with medium elevations and low topography.It is mainly in Hetai area and has a strong spatial homogeneity with cultivated land.As the diversion capacity and groundwater extraction capacity increase,the river’s ability to restrict its spatial distribution gradually weakens.The increase in natural growth rate and the migration of ecological immigrants are the direct causes of the expansion of Rural Settlements.Government policies influence and guide the development and evolution of Rural Settlements by restricting the direction of development,adjusting population distribution,promoting economic development,and improving the living environment and location.(3)The level of economic development is the first influencing factor of individual size in Rural Settlements,and elevation is the most important auxiliary influencing factor.The influencing factors of individual scale and shape characteristics of different types of Rural Settlements are different.The farming area is dominated by the level of economic development,while the pastoral area is mainly limited by the terrain conditions,especially the terrain relief.(4)The total population is the main factor that leads to the spatial differentiation of the total area of Rural Settlements in the county.The level of economic development is the leading factor that causes the spatial differentiation of the total number of Rural Settlements,the average patch area and the standard deviation of patch size.Structure and scale of agricultural and animal husbandry development have an important impact on it.The difference in economic development level is the main factor that causes the spatial differentiation of rural residents’ land density in Hexi region.The patch density is greatly affected by the scale of agricultural development,while the patch cohesion index is greatly affected by the scale and industrial structure of animal husbandry.The spatial differentiation of the shape index is dominated by differences in economic development levels,followed by the influence of population status and agricultural development scale;the leading factors of spatial differentiation of perimeter area fractal dimension are agricultural mechanization level and population status.The difference between the total population and the population structure is the main influencing factor that causes the difference in the utilization ratio of rural residents in the county. |
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