Study On The Evaluation Of Spatial Equity Of Urban Parks

As an important part of the urban green space system,the park not only has important ecological value,but also provides outdoor activity space for residents to relax and entertain.Promoting the fairness of the layout of the park will not only help to improve the quality of the living environment,but also promote the realization of fairness goals for future development,which has become a current research focus.The research on the fairness of park layout has gone through three stages.From the initial evaluation of the park green space construction level using traditional indicators such as per capita park green space area and green space rate,to the introduction of quantitative accessibility analysis methods to analyze the fairness of park green space,to the introduction of other subject theories and analysis of different groups,especially vulnerable groups.Based on a summary of relevant research methods at home and abroad,this paper creates a set of park green space layout fairness evaluation models.Based on buffer analysis,two-step mobile search,Lorentz curve and Gini coefficient,the model takes quantitative calculation method and qualitative analysis method as the main line,and carries out quantitative calculation from three dimensions of quantity equality,space fairness and social fairness.On this basis,through questionnaire survey,interview research and other methods to evaluate the use status of vulnerable groups represented by the elderly and low-income families.The combination of quantitative calculation and qualitative evaluation can not only evaluate the real use status of residents from residential areas,communities,streets and other scales,but also verify each other’s evaluation results to ensure the scientificity of the evaluation model.Based on the evaluation model,the author takes Gongshu District of Hangzhou as an example to evaluate the fairness of park layout from the scale of residential area.Due to the numerous river systems in Gongshu District,the author innovatively divided the strip-shaped riverside green space into multiple small amusement parks with roads and bridges as the boundaries to ensure the accuracy of the research results.At the same time,the author widened the administrative boundary of the study area by 800 meters,and minimized the influence of the neighboring areas on the research results of Gongshu District.On this basis,the following conclusions are obtained:(1)According to Gongshu District’s per capita park green area of 11.23m2 and Gini coefficient of 0.238,the overall layout is relatively fair.Among them,Hushu,Mishixiang,Gongchenqiao,and Xiaohe,the four streets next to the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal and Banshan Street where Banshan Forest Park is located,have the highest fairness indexes,followed by Daguan,Hemu,and Shangtang streets.Xiangfu,Kangqiao Street has the lowest fairness value;(2)Buffer analysis method is used to directly identify service blind areas such as Xiecun Community,Xiyang Community and Xiangfuqiao Community;(3)Based on the introduction of the Gaussian distance attenuation function and the 2SFCA method considering multiple travel modes and multiple search thresholds,the calculation results are more comprehensive and accurate.(4)The overall park layout of Gongshu District presents five rules.