| In recent years,the problem of population aging in Xiamen has become increasingly serious.As a new way of education for the elderly,the University for the elderly has solved the growing demand for education for the elderly,and has been vigorously promoted by the society.The city level university for the elderly has attracted more attention due to its large investment,large number of students and large space.In the survey,it is found that most of the old universities in Xiamen City have plans for new construction or expansion,and the relevant research is urgently needed to provide data support.However,the current research on the indoor thermal environment of the elderly university is almost blank.The study of thermal environment can not be separated from the discussion of thermal comfort.It is necessary to study the thermal comfort of the elderly in Xiamen.In order to solve the above problems,this paper takes Xiamen city level university for the elderly as the research object.Firstly,through field research,it explores the advantages and disadvantages of location distribution and architectural form of each university for the elderly.Then,the field thermal environment tests were carried out in different seasons to explore the current situation of indoor thermal environment and the changing rules of thermal environment parameters.In summer,the indoor temperature is high,the average range is 28.8℃-32℃,and the thermal environment is poor.It is recommended to set the temperature of 27℃ and the regulation range of 25.8℃-28℃ for air conditioning in summer.The design and formulation of indoor temperature or relative humidity parameters of buildings in transition season can refer to the annual average value of outdoor in local transition season.The average indoor humidity in autumn is 46.7%-54.3%,which is lower than other seasons,and it is the driest season.The velocity of indoor air is relatively small,which is basically in the state of breeze or no wind.Then,the elderly subjective questionnaire survey is carried out to analyze the psychological and physiological characteristics of the elderly in the elderly university,and the thermal comfort index of the elderly in this area is obtained.In spring,summer,autumn and winter,the hot neutral temperature of the elderly is 23.5℃,26.9℃,23.1℃ and 21℃,respectively.The expected temperatures are 23.6℃,27.3℃,22.9℃ and 21.5℃,respectively.The average expectation factor was 0.62.The range or upper limit of 90% acceptable temperature in spring,summer and autumn are 26.9℃,25.8℃-28℃ and 26.2℃,respectively.Then,we compare the data with other related studies to analyze the thermal comfort characteristics of the elderly in this area.The elderly in Xiamen have been used to the climate environment in this area,and they will prefer a warmer environment.It is more sensitive to the lower temperature environment brought by air conditioning,low acceptance,and prefer the indoor environment with natural ventilation.Compared with the young people in this area,the old people are more adaptable to high temperature.Combined with the above measured results,the thermal environment software is used to simulate and analyze the architectural orientation,the opening,depth and the window to ground ratio design of the classroom unit in the elderly university.In the early stage of architectural scheme design,Xiamen University for the aged should try to choose 10 ° south by east or nearby,so as to achieve the best effect of daylighting and sunshine.In the case of a certain window to ground ratio,a smaller bay or depth should be selected as far as possible to reduce indoor temperature and energy consumption.The recommended size of ordinary classroom is 6300mm*7500mm.Under the premise of meeting the characteristics of teaching lighting and the elderly,the window to floor ratio of natural ventilation room should not be less than 1 / 5,and should be increased as much as possible.The window to floor ratio of air-conditioned cooling room should be 1 / 5.Finally,according to the actual situation,the optimization suggestions and measures for the indoor thermal environment of the elderly university are given.It will provide theoretical support for the construction of universities for the elderly in this region and even the whole country,as well as the related research of the elderly. |
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