Research On Reciprocating Translational Lapping Technology Of Long Strip Plane Guide

With the rapid development of aerospace observation technology and aviation manufacturing,the shape requirements of optical components are becoming more and more complex and the precision is getting higher and higher.Therefore,the precision of ultra-precision processing equipment and ultra-precision measuring instruments is getting higher and higher.The guide rail is the benchmark for the measurement of the contour scanning motion system and the ultra-precision machine tool.It is one of the key components of the transmission system.The accuracy of the guide rail itself directly determines the precision of the ultra-precision machining equipment and the measuring instrument.From this point of view,it is particularly important to study how to improve the machining accuracy and machining efficiency of the guide rail,which plays an important role in improving the precision of ultra-precision machining equipment and processing instruments.The processing of the guide rails generally undergoes machining processes such as grinding,polishing,polishing,etc.,where the grinding is an important processing process from grinding to polishing in the grinding process,while the guide rail generally uses manual grinding,small grinding head grinding,etc.But the efficiency of manual grinding processing is low,medium-high frequency error will be introduced,and it is not suitable for mass production.Small grinding head technology has obvious edge effect and processing efficiency is low.If the problem in the grinding process is not properly solved,it will directly affect the machining accuracy and processing efficiency of the subsequent machining process,which will affect the manufacturing cycle of the entire guide rail.This paper focuses on the problems existing in the grinding process of the guide rail and carries out related research on the movement mode and grinding tools,grinding and theory and shaping technology,processing technology,etc.In order to solve the problem of the guide rail in the grinding process,new methods and ways are provided.The specific research content includes the following aspects:(1)Aiming at the processing problem of low efficiency and obvious edge effect of grinding,a new reciprocating motion mode is proposed.The principle of reciprocating translation and the origin of the motion mechanism are introduced.According to the application characteristics of the guide rail.A new grinding tool was designed and optimized for its size and structure.The wear law of grinding discs under the planetary,flat and reciprocating was compared,and the wear of the reciprocating flat grinding disc was suitable for the processing of guide rails.(2)A related research was carried out on the removal characteristics and process parameters of the reciprocating translational grinding tool.The removal function model of the reciprocating translational grinding tool was established.The influence of process parameters on the removal efficiency of the removal function was simulated.The process parameters of the removal function are optimized.The reciprocating translational grinding modification theory and dwell time solving algorithm are proposed.The error convergence characteristics simulation experiments are carried out for three different initial shape error shapes.Finally,the error correction experiment is adopted.The feasibility of the reciprocating translational grinding modification theory and the dwell time solving algorithm is verified.(3)Based on the surface filtering process,the grinding process of the guide rail is designed,which is applied to the processing of 1m granite guide rail and 1m glass guide rail,which effectively solves the edge effect of CCOS grinding processing and greatly improves the processing efficiency.The PV values of the surface precision of granite guide rails and glass guide rails are respectively 9μm and 10μm.In the lapping process of 1m guide rail,the PV value of surface shape precision after the reciprocating and translational lapping and modification can be equivalent to that of surface shape precision of precision grinding.