Economic Evalution Of Cooling System Construction In Data Center

With the continuous promotion and application of new technologies such as 5th generation mobile networks,cloud computing,Internet of Things and artificial intelligence,the scale of data center construction is increasing to meet the explosive growth of computing,storage,and network resources.At present,the energy consumption of China's datacenter is extremely high and the energy utilization efficiency is low,which has become a bottleneck for enterprises.Due to the substantial growth of data center energy demand,there are more and more guidance and restriction policies for data center energy consumption.With the introduction of carbon emission related policies and the development of carbon trading market,the actual demand for data center carbon emission management will become increasingly strong in the future.According to China-US Joint Statement on Climate Change,carbon emissions will peak in 2030,followed by a yearon-year decline in China.In the composition of data center energy consumption,the energy consumption of refrigeration system accounts for more than 30%.It is very important to study the refrigeration scheme of data center for energy saving of data center.From the perspective of cost planning and management of project management,this paper makes an economic evaluation on the construction of refrigeration scheme project,trying to get a scheme model that is suitable for the typical climate conditions in mainland China,and makes reasonable suggestions for practitioners on the planning and design of data center.In this paper,the annual value method of dynamic cost is selected as the economic evaluation index,which not only considers the investment cost of the refrigeration scheme,but also analyzes the operation cost of the scheme.Firstly,this paper constructs a typical data center model,including air-cooled direct expansion cooling system,cooling tower natural cooling system,and direct immersion cooling system;secondly,three representative refrigeration scheme models are selected,including Harbin,Beijing,Shanghai,Xi'an and Shenzhen;then,five key cities with typical climate conditions are selected;Finally,through the analysis of operation cost and investment cost of data center refrigeration scheme,the dynamic annual cost value and annual cost ratio of five cities under three refrigeration schemes are obtained,and the optimal scheme model of economy is obtained.Through the analysis and calculation of three practical cases,it is confirmed that the difference between the calculated data and the measured data of the refrigeration model is small,which has certain reference value for the feasibility study or preliminary design stage of the project,and also has certain reference significance for the energy consumption analysis and energy-saving transformation analysis of the existing data center.The research results show that the establishment of refrigeration model,energy consumption calculation,investment estimation and annual dynamic cost data of each refrigeration scheme in this paper have been well verified in the actual project application,and can be used as a reference for the preliminary design and planning of the project.The utilization of natural cold source will help to reduce the energy consumption of data center.The higher latitude is,the more obvious energy saving effect is,and the lower pue value is.The introduction of innovative liquid cooling scheme is an effective way to solve the problem that the application of natural cooling source is obviously restricted by the region.In the same area,different refrigeration schemes have different sensitivity factors.Finally,the refrigeration scheme also needs to consider the initial investment,business load,energy policy and other factors,comprehensive analysis to obtain the best refrigeration system construction scheme.