Study On The Optimal Design Of Light And Thermal Environment Of Primary School In Hot Summer And Warm Winter Area

With the rapid growth of the urban economic population,large and medium-sized cities are facing large-scale primary school construction problems.At the same time,people spend more and more time indoors.The indoor light and heat environment directly affects people's health and work efficiency.People are paying more and more attention to the indoor environment of buildings such as residences,offices,and schools,especially children The indoor environment of the elementary school building that has been used for a long time is directly related to the physical and mental health of the pupils.The elementary school building has the characteristics of being vacant during the winter and summer vacations,having a large density of people in the classroom and using minors.Students in the classroom need bright light to protect their eyesight and pleasant temperature to improve efficiency.Improving the light and thermal environment of primary school buildings has a positive practical significance.This article first conducts field research on 25 primary schools in 4 cities in the southern part of the hot summer and warm winter area,interviews two class teachers,and summarizes the climate from four parts: basic information,group level,monomer level,and local component level.The characteristics of the district primary school building provide the basis for the next optimized design.Guangzhou Longdong Elementary School was selected as the research object,and the objective parameters of the primary and secondary school's light and heat environment were tested in summer,autumn,and winter.At the same time,a questionnaire survey was conducted on the pupils in the test classroom.Through statistical analysis of test parameters and questionnaire results,the school's indoor light and heat environment is evaluated.The thermal comfort model was established by the temperature-frequency method,and the thermally neutral operating temperatures of elementary school students in summer,autumn,and winter hot summer and winter warm regions were 25.76 ?,26.16 ?,and 21.39 ?,respectively.The acceptable operating temperature range of 80% students was 20.88 ? 24.67 ?,75% of students can accept the operating temperature range of 18.82 ? 27.13?,the expected operating temperature of elementary school students is 21.19 ?.Based on Rhinoceros & Grasshopper to build a parametric optimization design platform,using the Ladybug and Honeybee performance simulation plug-ins under the Grasshopper platform,with thermal comfort,light comfort,energy consumption,etc.as the optimization goals,the shape operation mode,shading mode,window opening mode,window The architectural design factors that affect the light and heat environment of the elementary school,such as glass performance and window position,are simulated and analyzed to obtain a set of optimization solutions.Finally,the research results were applied to the primary school program of Luoshan Yushan School in Guangzhou,and compared with the original program to verify the effectiveness of the optimization strategy.