Study On The Impact Of High-speed Railway Opening On Peasantry Income

China is a typical urban-rural dualistic economy.For a long time,the income level of rural residents is much lower than that of urban residents.In the context of winning the battle against poverty and building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way,it is of great and far-reaching strategic significance to promote the increase of rural residents' income.Previous poverty alleviation policy which aimed at the poor has always been plagued by "targeting errors" caused by the problem of "incomplete information"."To get rich,build roads first".So,can the construction of high-speed railway be an effective policy means to improve the overall income level of farmers and reduce poverty? There is a view that the high-speed railway fares are too high and far beyond the consuming capacity of peasantry,making them trapped into a "high-speed rail dilemma".So,what is the overall impact of opening high-speed railway on peasantry income? Is there any difference in the impact on different peasantry groups? What is the mechanism of this influence?Previous research on the opening of high-speed rail mainly focused on economic growth and economic distribution,and only few studies discussed the impact of the opening of high-speed rail on residents' income,especially on rural residents' income.Therefore,this paper takes the impact of the opening of high-speed railway on peasantry income as the research object.In the first part of this research,I conducted a comprehensively reviews of the relevant literature,expounded the theoretical basis of this paper,sorted out the mechanism and put forward the research hypothesis based on theoretical logic.Secondly,based on the panel data of China's counties from 2006 to 2017,this paper used a differencein-difference model(DID)to empirically evaluate the policy effects of high-speed railway on county peasantry income,and analyzed the internal mechanism from the view of heterogeneous rural labor transfer and "trickle-down effect".This study found that:(1)Compared with counties that haven't opening high-speed railway,peasantry income in counties with high-speed rail is significantly higher.Moreover,the opening of the high-speed railway is beneficial to the increase of peasantry income in all counties in this city,that is,the opening of the high-speed railway has a certain positive spatial spillover effect at the county level.(2)The impact of the opening of the high-speed railway on peasantry income is not released at one time,and there is a certain continuity and time delay.(3)The opening of the high-speed railway is beneficial to the growth of peasantry's wages,operational and property income,but it is not good for the increase of peasantry's transfer income.(4)Higher speed railways have a greater effect on increasing peasantry income,which also proves that railway acceleration can increase the peasantry income.Normal trains and high-speed trains complement each other,which can effectively meet the different travel needs of peasantry and have a more significant effect on improving peasantry income.(5)The opening of high-speed railway can promote the development of county economy,make the "economic pie" bigger,and significantly improve peasantry income level through "trickle-down effect".It can also significantly promote the transfer of heterogeneous rural labor force,enabling peasantry to obtain higher income.Based on the above conclusions,this article puts forward the following suggestions:(1)It is necessary to increase financial support and further improve the county high-speed railways network.The government should increase the construction of regional connecting lines of about 250 kilometers per hour and intercity railways at 200 kilometers per hour centered on regional high-speed rail hubs,and further increase county high-speed railway coverage.(2)China's railway should adapt to market demands and improve operating plans.The floating fares policy should continue to be implemented,and fares in undeveloped county areas can be moderately discounted.While focusing on the development of highspeed railways,normal trains must still be partially reserved.Where conditions permit,on newly constructed railways a small number of normal trains should also be opened.(3)Different counties should implement a different development strategy to fully enlarge the high-speed railway dividend.The counties that have opened high-speed railway should take full advantage of the role of high-speed railway to strengthen the connection with regional central cities,optimize the industrial layout,and speed up the introduction of related industries and talents.Counties that have not opened high-speed railway should further improve other transportation networks and accelerate integration with high-speed railway network.